Shibata Yo, Tanimoto Yasuhiro
Department of Conservative Dentistry, Division of Biomaterials & Engineering, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan.
J Prosthodont Res. 2015 Jan;59(1):20-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jpor.2014.11.007. Epub 2014 Dec 17.
Titanium is a primary metallic biomaterial used in load-bearing orthopedic or dental implants because of its favorable mechanical properties and osseointegration capability. This article reviews the current status of surface optimization techniques for titanium implants, whether such concepts are in the form of sufficiently evidence-based, and highlights the related experimental tools.
A strong emphasis was placed on the enhanced biological responses to titanium implants by modifying the surface finishing process. On this basis, a clear partition of surface chemistry and topography was critical.
The intrinsic host tissue response to titanium implants is facilitated by the chemistry or topography of a passive oxide film, although the extent to which the surface characteristics enable rapid osseointegration is still uncertain.
Besides the fundamental requirements, such as the promotion of osteogenic differentiation, the titanium implant surface should accelerate wound-healing phenomena prior to bone ingrowth toward the surface. Moreover, because initial bacterial attachment to the implant surface is unavoidable, infection control by surface modification is also an important determinant in reducing surgical failure. A desirable surface-biological relationship often needs to be characterized at the nanoscale by means of advanced technologies.
钛是一种主要的金属生物材料，因其具有良好的机械性能和骨整合能力，常用于承重骨科或牙科植入物。本文综述了钛植入物表面优化技术的现状，探讨这些概念是否有充分的循证依据，并重点介绍相关实验工具。
重点在于通过改变表面处理工艺增强对钛植入物的生物学反应。在此基础上，明确区分表面化学和表面形貌至关重要。
尽管表面特性促进快速骨整合的程度仍不确定，但宿主组织对钛植入物的固有反应受钝化氧化膜的化学性质或形貌影响。
除了促进成骨分化等基本要求外，钛植入物表面应在骨向表面生长之前加速伤口愈合现象。此外，由于植入物表面最初不可避免地会附着细菌，通过表面改性控制感染也是减少手术失败的重要决定因素。理想的表面与生物关系通常需要借助先进技术在纳米尺度上进行表征。
