Cagnacci A, Cannoletta M, Palma F, Bellafronte M, Romani C, Palmieri B
Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Child and Adult, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy.
Climacteric. 2015;18(4):631-6. doi: 10.3109/13697137.2014.999659. Epub 2015 Feb 18.
To evaluate the relation between climacteric symptoms or other risk factors for cardiovascular disease and oxidative status of postmenopausal women.
Cross-sectional investigation performed at the outpatient service for the menopause at the University Hospital, on 50 apparently healthy women in physiological postmenopause. The whole-blood free oxygen radical test (FORT), free oxygen radical defence (FORD), age, months since menopause, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, estradiol, lipids, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (glucose/insulin and HOMA-IR), and fibrinogen were evaluated. The Greene Climacteric Scale with its subscales was used to evaluate climacteric symptoms. The pulsatility index, an index of downstream blood flow resistance, was determined for both the internal carotid artery and the brachial artery.
The waist-to-hip ratio (r = 0.540; p = 0.0001), estradiol (r = 0.548; p = 0.0004) and waist circumference (r = 0.345; p = 0.02) were independently related to blood FORT. The score in the Greene vasomotor subscale was the only parameter independently related to blood FORD (r = 0.554; p = 0.0001). FORT was not related to the artery pulsatility index, while FORD was negatively related to the pulsatility index of both the internal carotid (r = 0.549; p = 0.0001) and the brachial (r = 0.484; p = 0.0001) arteries.
In postmenopausal women, abdominal adiposity and hypoestrogenism increase oxidative stress. Climacteric symptoms, particularly vasomotor symptoms, markedly reduce antioxidant defences. Lower antioxidant defences are associated with higher resistance to blood flow in the great arteries. In women early after the menopause, visceral fat, hypoestrogenism and climacteric symptoms may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease.
评估更年期症状或其他心血管疾病风险因素与绝经后女性氧化状态之间的关系。
在大学医院的更年期门诊对50名生理绝经后明显健康的女性进行横断面调查。评估全血游离氧自由基测试（FORT）、游离氧自由基防御（FORD）、年龄、绝经后月数、体重、体重指数、腰围、腰臀比、雌二醇、血脂、血糖、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗（葡萄糖/胰岛素和HOMA-IR）以及纤维蛋白原。使用格林更年期量表及其子量表评估更年期症状。测定颈内动脉和肱动脉的搏动指数，这是下游血流阻力的一个指标。
腰臀比（r = 0.540；p = 0.0001）、雌二醇（r = 0.548；p = 0.0004）和腰围（r = 0.345；p = 0.02）与血液FORT独立相关。格林血管舒缩子量表得分是唯一与血液FORD独立相关的参数（r = 0.554；p = 0.0001）。FORT与动脉搏动指数无关，而FORD与颈内动脉（r = 0.549；p = 0.0001）和肱动脉（r = 0.484；p = 0.0001）的搏动指数均呈负相关。
在绝经后女性中，腹部肥胖和雌激素缺乏会增加氧化应激。更年期症状，尤其是血管舒缩症状，会显著降低抗氧化防御能力。较低的抗氧化防御能力与大动脉中较高的血流阻力相关。在绝经早期的女性中，内脏脂肪、雌激素缺乏和更年期症状可能会增加心血管疾病的风险。
