Rua Ednildes de Almeida Olympio, Porto Marcella Leite, Ramos Jean Pierre Louzada, Nogueira Breno Valentim, Meyrelles Silvana S, Vasquez Elisardo Corral, Pereira Thiago C
J Biomed Sci. 2014 Dec 30;21(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12929-014-0105-z.
Although cigarette smoke is known to be a complex mixture of over 4000 substances that can lead to damage through active or passive smoking, its mechanisms and biochemical consequences in pregnancy and neonates are not yet fully understood. Therefore, in the present study, we propose to study the impact of smoking during gestation on the viability of blood mononuclear cells (MNC) from umbilical cords of newborns to assess the degree of oxidative stress and cell viability. After childbirth, the cord blood and the umbilical cord were immediately collected in public hospitals in Greater Vitoria, ES, Brazil. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cord blood followed by biochemical and histological tests to analyze possible changes in the umbilical cord.
Pregnant smokers had a reduction of MNC viability from the umbilical cord (10%), an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in cell apoptosis (2-fold) compared to pregnant non-smokers. In the umbilical cord, it was observed an increase of advanced oxidation protein products - AOPP (2.5-fold) and a loss of the typical architecture and disposition of endothelial cells from the umbilical artery.
These data suggest that maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy (even in small amounts) may compromise the viability of MNC cells and damage the umbilical cord structure, possibly by excessive ROS bioavailability.
尽管已知香烟烟雾是一种由4000多种物质组成的复杂混合物，可通过主动或被动吸烟导致损害，但其在妊娠和新生儿中的机制及生化后果尚未完全明确。因此，在本研究中，我们提议研究孕期吸烟对新生儿脐带血单个核细胞（MNC）活力的影响，以评估氧化应激程度和细胞活力。分娩后，在巴西圣埃斯皮里图州大维多利亚市的公立医院立即采集脐带血和脐带。采用流式细胞术分析脐带血，随后进行生化和组织学检测以分析脐带可能发生的变化。
与非吸烟孕妇相比，吸烟孕妇脐带血单个核细胞活力降低（10%），活性氧（ROS）生成增加，细胞凋亡增加（约2倍）。在脐带中，观察到晚期氧化蛋白产物（AOPP）增加（约2.5倍），脐动脉内皮细胞典型结构和排列丧失。
这些数据表明，孕期母亲吸烟（即使少量）可能会损害单个核细胞的活力并破坏脐带结构，可能是由于活性氧生物利用度过高所致。
