Loo Zhang Xin, Kunasekaran Wijenthiran, Govindasamy Vijayendran, Musa Sabri, Abu Kasim Noor Hayaty
Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Hygieia Innovation Sdn. Bhd (852106-M), Lot 1G-2G, Lanai Complex No. 2, Persiaran Seri Perdana, Precint 10, 62250 Putrajaya, Malaysia.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2014;2014:186508. doi: 10.1155/2014/186508. Epub 2014 Dec 7.
Human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and adipose stem cells (ASC) were suggested as alternative cell choice for cardiac regeneration. However, the true functionability of these cells toward cardiac regeneration is yet to be discovered. Hence, this study was carried out to investigate the innate biological properties of these cell sources toward cardiac regeneration. Both cells exhibited indistinguishable MSCs characteristics. Human stem cell transcription factor arrays were used to screen expression levels in SHED and ASC. Upregulated expression of transcription factor (TF) genes was detected in both sources. An almost equal percentage of >2-fold changes were observed. These TF genes fall under several cardiovascular categories with higher expressions which were observed in growth and development of blood vessel, angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis categories. Further induction into cardiomyocyte revealed ASC to express more significantly cardiomyocyte specific markers compared to SHED during the differentiation course evidenced by morphology and gene expression profile. Despite this, spontaneous cellular beating was not detected in both cell lines. Taken together, our data suggest that despite being defined as MSCs, both ASC and SHED behave differently when they were cultured in a same cardiomyocytes culture condition. Hence, vigorous characterization is needed before introducing any cell for treating targeted diseases.
人脱落乳牙干细胞（SHED）和脂肪干细胞（ASC）被认为是心脏再生的替代细胞选择。然而，这些细胞在心脏再生方面的真正功能尚未被发现。因此，本研究旨在探讨这些细胞来源对心脏再生的固有生物学特性。两种细胞均表现出难以区分的间充质干细胞特征。使用人类干细胞转录因子阵列筛选SHED和ASC中的表达水平。在两种来源中均检测到转录因子（TF）基因的上调表达。观察到几乎相等比例的>2倍变化。这些TF基因属于几个心血管类别，在血管生长、血管生成和血管发生类别中观察到更高的表达。进一步诱导分化为心肌细胞后，与SHED相比，ASC在分化过程中更显著地表达心肌细胞特异性标志物，这在形态学和基因表达谱中得到了证实。尽管如此，在两种细胞系中均未检测到自发细胞搏动。综上所述，我们的数据表明，尽管ASC和SHED都被定义为间充质干细胞，但当它们在相同的心肌细胞培养条件下培养时，表现有所不同。因此，在引入任何细胞治疗靶向疾病之前，需要进行严格的特性鉴定。
