Stolley Melinda R, Sharp Lisa K, Tangney Christy C, Schiffer Linda A, Arroyo Claudia, Kim Yoonsang, Campbell Richard T, Schmidt Mary Lou, Breen Kathleen, Kinahan Karen E, Dilley Kim J, Henderson Tara O, Korenblit Allen D, Seligman Katya
Department of Medicine, Health Promotion Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Cancer. 2015 May 15;121(10):1671-80. doi: 10.1002/cncr.29202. Epub 2015 Jan 6.
Available data have suggested that childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) are comparable to the general population with regard to many lifestyle parameters. However, to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding minority CCSs. This cross-sectional study describes and compares the body mass index and health behaviors of African American, Hispanic, and white survivors with each other and with noncancer controls.
Participants included 452 adult CCSs (150 African American, 152 Hispanic, and 150 white individuals) recruited through 4 childhood cancer treating institutions and 375 ethnically matched noncancer controls (125 in each racial/ethnic group) recruited via targeted digit dial. All participants completed a 2-hour in-person interview.
Survivors and noncancer controls reported similar health behaviors. Within survivors, smoking and physical activity were found to be similar across racial/ethnic groups. African American and Hispanic survivors reported lower daily alcohol use compared with white individuals, but consumed unhealthy diets and were more likely to be obese.
This unique study highlights that many minority CCSs exhibit lifestyle profiles that contribute to an increased risk of chronic diseases and late effects. Recommendations for behavior changes must consider the social and cultural context in which minority survivors may live.
现有数据表明，儿童癌症幸存者（CCSs）在许多生活方式参数方面与普通人群相当。然而，据作者所知，关于少数族裔儿童癌症幸存者的情况知之甚少。这项横断面研究描述并比较了非裔美国人、西班牙裔和白人幸存者彼此之间以及与非癌症对照者的体重指数和健康行为。
参与者包括通过4家儿童癌症治疗机构招募的452名成年儿童癌症幸存者（150名非裔美国人、152名西班牙裔和150名白人），以及通过定向拨号招募的375名种族匹配的非癌症对照者（每个种族/族裔组125名）。所有参与者都完成了一次为时2小时的面对面访谈。
幸存者和非癌症对照者报告的健康行为相似。在幸存者中，吸烟和身体活动在不同种族/族裔组中相似。与白人相比，非裔美国人和西班牙裔幸存者报告的每日饮酒量较低，但饮食不健康，且更有可能肥胖。
这项独特的研究突出表明，许多少数族裔儿童癌症幸存者的生活方式特征会增加患慢性病和远期效应的风险。行为改变的建议必须考虑少数族裔幸存者可能生活的社会和文化背景。
