Silva Rafael, Oyarzún Manuel, Olloquequi Jordi
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile.
Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Arch Bronconeumol. 2015 Jun;51(6):285-92. doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2014.10.005. Epub 2015 Jan 20.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality and morbidity have increased significantly worldwide in recent decades. Although cigarette smoke is still considered the main risk factor for the development of the disease, estimates suggest that between 25% and 33% of COPD patients are non-smokers. Among the factors that may increase the risk of developing COPD, biomass smoke has been proposed as one of the most important, affecting especially women and children in developing countries. Despite the epidemiological evidence linking exposure to biomass smoke with adverse health effects, the specific cellular and molecular mechanisms by which this pollutant can be harmful for the respiratory and cardiovascular systems remain unclear. In this article we review the main pathogenic mechanisms proposed to date that make biomass smoke one of the major risk factors for COPD.
近几十年来，慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的死亡率和发病率在全球范围内显著上升。尽管香烟烟雾仍被认为是该疾病发生的主要危险因素，但据估计，25%至33%的COPD患者为非吸烟者。在可能增加患COPD风险的因素中，生物质烟雾被认为是最重要的因素之一，尤其影响发展中国家的妇女和儿童。尽管有流行病学证据表明接触生物质烟雾会对健康产生不良影响，但这种污染物对呼吸和心血管系统有害的具体细胞和分子机制仍不清楚。在本文中，我们综述了迄今为止提出的主要致病机制，这些机制使生物质烟雾成为COPD的主要危险因素之一。
