Naicker Mageshree, Coutsoudis Anna, Israel-Ballard Kiersten, Chaudhri Rohit, Perin Noah, Mlisana Koleka
1 Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban, South Africa .
Breastfeed Med. 2015 Mar;10(2):107-12. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2014.0125. Epub 2015 Feb 10.
Human milk provides crucial nutrition and immunologic protection for infants. When a mother's own milk is unavailable, donated human milk, pasteurized to destroy bacteria and viruses, is a lifesaving replacement. Flash-heat pasteurization is a simple, low-cost, and commonly used method to make milk safe, but currently there is no system to monitor milk temperature, which challenges quality control. FoneAstra, a smartphone-based mobile pasteurization monitor, removes this barrier by guiding users through pasteurization and documenting consistent and safe practice. This study evaluated FoneAstra's efficacy as a quality control system, particularly in resource-limited settings, by comparing bacterial growth in donor milk flash-heated with and without the device at a neonatal intensive care unit in Durban, South Africa.
For 100 samples of donor milk, one aliquot each of prepasteurized milk, milk flash-heated without FoneAstra, and milk pasteurized with FoneAstra was cultured on routine agar for bacterial growth. Isolated bacteria were identified and enumerated.
In total, 300 samples (three from each donor sample) were analyzed. Bacterial growth was found in 86 of the 100 samples before any pasteurization and one of the 100 postpasteurized samples without FoneAstra. None of the samples pasteurized using FoneAstra showed bacterial growth.
Both pasteurization methods were safe and effective. FoneAstra, however, provides the additional benefits of user-guided temperature monitoring and data tracking. By improving quality assurance and standardizing the pasteurization process, FoneAstra can support wide-scale implementation of human milk banks in resource-limited settings, increasing access and saving lives.
母乳为婴儿提供关键营养和免疫保护。当母亲自身无法提供母乳时，经巴氏消毒以杀灭细菌和病毒的捐赠母乳是一种救命替代品。快速加热巴氏消毒法是一种简单、低成本且常用的使牛奶安全的方法，但目前尚无监测牛奶温度的系统，这对质量控制构成挑战。FoneAstra是一款基于智能手机的移动巴氏消毒监测器，通过指导用户进行巴氏消毒并记录一致且安全的操作来消除这一障碍。本研究通过比较在南非德班一家新生儿重症监护病房中，使用和不使用该设备对捐赠母乳进行快速加热后细菌的生长情况，评估了FoneAstra作为质量控制系统的功效，尤其是在资源有限的环境中。
对于100份捐赠母乳样本，将每份预巴氏消毒牛奶、未使用FoneAstra快速加热的牛奶以及使用FoneAstra巴氏消毒的牛奶各取一份等分试样，在常规琼脂上培养以检测细菌生长。对分离出的细菌进行鉴定和计数。
总共分析了300个样本（每个捐赠样本取3份）。在100份样本中，86份在任何巴氏消毒之前就已发现细菌生长，在100份未使用FoneAstra进行巴氏消毒后的样本中有1份发现细菌生长。使用FoneAstra进行巴氏消毒的样本均未显示细菌生长。
两种巴氏消毒方法均安全有效。然而，FoneAstra还提供了用户指导温度监测和数据跟踪的额外优势。通过改进质量保证并规范巴氏消毒过程，FoneAstra可支持在资源有限的环境中广泛建立母乳库，增加获取途径并挽救生命。
