Mohamed Waleed S, Mostafa Ashraf M, Mohamed Khaled M, Serwah Abdel Hamid
Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Taif University, Saudi Arabia; Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Anatomy and Histology Department, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Arab J Gastroenterol. 2015 Mar;16(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajg.2014.12.003. Epub 2015 Feb 7.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurs in approximately 80% of cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study investigated the effects of some plants used in Saudi Arabia as antidiabetic agents on T2DM and associated fatty liver.
A total of 150 adult male albino rats were divided into six experimental groups, each consisting of 25 rats. Twenty-five rats were considered as the control group. Experimental diabetes was induced in the remaining rats by administering a subcutaneous injection of 120 mg/kg of freshly prepared alloxan solution; these rats were classified into five groups: one group did not receive any treatment; the second group was treated with an aqueous extract of a mixture containing fenugreek, Nigella, and termis seeds; the third group was treated with an aqueous extract of Nigella sativa seeds; the fourth group was treated with an aqueous extract of fenugreek seeds; and finally the fifth group was treated with an aqueous extract of termis seeds at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. After 4 weeks of treatment, biochemical parameters were calculated, including blood sugar and serum insulin levels. Pancreatic and liver samples were obtained and processed for microscopic evaluation.
The usage of each plant alone or a mixture of the plants corrected the glucose and insulin levels. Microscopically, a definite improvement in the number and diameter of β-cells in the diabetic group was observed. Furthermore, considerable improvement in fatty changes occurring in the liver of experimental animals was observed. The activity of the mixture was the most effective.
The aqueous extract of the seed mixture of the used plants appeared to be a useful agent in improving fatty changes in the liver texture associated with T2DM by reducing hyperglycaemia through an increase in insulin levels, regeneration of β-cells of the pancreas, and an amelioration of associated dyslipidemia.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）约在80%的2型糖尿病（T2DM）病例中出现。本研究调查了沙特阿拉伯用作抗糖尿病药物的某些植物对T2DM及相关脂肪肝的影响。
总共150只成年雄性白化大鼠被分为六个实验组，每组25只大鼠。25只大鼠被视为对照组。其余大鼠通过皮下注射120mg/kg新鲜配制的四氧嘧啶溶液诱导实验性糖尿病；这些大鼠被分为五组：一组不接受任何治疗；第二组用含有葫芦巴、黑种草和鹰嘴豆种子的混合物的水提取物治疗；第三组用黑种草种子的水提取物治疗；第四组用葫芦巴种子的水提取物治疗；最后第五组用鹰嘴豆种子的水提取物以100mg/kg体重的剂量治疗。治疗4周后，计算生化参数，包括血糖和血清胰岛素水平。获取胰腺和肝脏样本并进行处理以进行显微镜评估。
单独使用每种植物或植物混合物均可纠正血糖和胰岛素水平。在显微镜下，观察到糖尿病组β细胞数量和直径有明显改善。此外，观察到实验动物肝脏中发生的脂肪变化有显著改善。混合物的活性最为有效。
所用植物种子混合物的水提取物似乎是一种有用的药物，可通过提高胰岛素水平降低高血糖、使胰腺β细胞再生以及改善相关血脂异常，从而改善与T2DM相关的肝脏质地中的脂肪变化。
