Alfajaro Mia Madel, Cho Kyoung-Oh
Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757 South Korea.
Virusdisease. 2014;25(2):186-94. doi: 10.1007/s13337-014-0197-9. Epub 2014 Mar 1.
Rotavirus is recognized as one of the main diarrheal pathogens in young children and animals. The prevailing central dogma of rotavirus infection states that the infection is confined in the gastrointestinal tract. However, increasing evidences indicate that rotavirus infection is systemic. Clinical case reports of systemic manifestations to rotavirus infection in children has continued to accumulate over the past years. The use of animal models provided pathological and molecular evidences for extra-intestinal infection of rotaviruses. The mechanism correlated with the extra-intestinal spread of rotavirus infection from the intestine is through cell-free and cell-associated viremia. The extent of the extra-intestinal spread of rotavirus infection has not yet been fully elucidated; whether it can only affect a limited number of organs and tissues or capable of involving the body as a whole. Moreover, the influence of systemic rotavirus infections remains to be determined. In this review, combination of previous and new data are outlined to help in better understanding of the extra-intestinal infections of rotaviruses.
轮状病毒被认为是幼儿和动物腹泻的主要病原体之一。目前关于轮状病毒感染的主流中心法则认为，感染局限于胃肠道。然而，越来越多的证据表明轮状病毒感染是全身性的。在过去几年里，儿童轮状病毒感染出现全身表现的临床病例报告不断积累。动物模型的应用为轮状病毒的肠外感染提供了病理学和分子学证据。与轮状病毒感染从肠道向肠外传播相关的机制是通过无细胞和细胞相关的病毒血症。轮状病毒感染肠外传播的程度尚未完全阐明；它是否仅能影响有限数量的器官和组织，还是能够累及整个身体。此外，全身性轮状病毒感染的影响仍有待确定。在这篇综述中，概述了既往和新的数据，以帮助更好地理解轮状病毒的肠外感染。
