Salahuddin Salman, Prabhakaran Dorairaj, Roy Ambuj
Department of Cardiology, Cardiothoracic Sciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Centre for Chronic Disease Control and Director, Center of Excellence in Cardio-metabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
Glob Heart. 2012 Jul;7(2):113-20. doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2012.05.003.
Cigarette smoking is a leading preventable risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Epidemiologic studies conclusively prove that both active smoking and secondhand smoke contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality related to CVD. Cigarette smoke is a mixture of several toxic chemicals, of which nicotine, carbon monoxide, and oxidant chemicals are most commonly implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Tobacco causes endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, insulin resistance, alteration of lipid profile, hemodynamic alterations, and a hypercoagulable state. All of these act synergistically as pathobiologic mechanisms of atherothrombosis in tobacco users.
吸烟是心血管疾病（CVD）发生和发展的主要可预防风险因素。流行病学研究确凿地证明，主动吸烟和二手烟都会显著增加与CVD相关的发病率和死亡率。香烟烟雾是几种有毒化学物质的混合物，其中尼古丁、一氧化碳和氧化性化学物质最常与心血管疾病的发病机制有关。烟草会导致内皮功能障碍、炎症、胰岛素抵抗、血脂谱改变、血流动力学改变以及高凝状态。所有这些因素协同作用，成为吸烟者动脉粥样硬化血栓形成的病理生物学机制。
