Hough John, Robertson Caroline, Gleeson Michael
Dept of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, UK.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2015 Oct;10(7):935-8. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2014-0360. Epub 2015 Feb 24.
This study examined the influence of 10 days of intensified training on salivary cortisol and testosterone responses to 30-min, high-intensity cycling (55/80) in a group of male elite triathletes.
Seven elite male triathletes (age 19 ± 1 y, VO2max 67.6 ± 4.5 mL · kg-1 · min-1) completed the study. Swim distances increased by 45%. Running and cycling training hours increased by 25% and 229%, respectively. REST-Q questionnaires assessed mood status before, during, and after the training period. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected before, after, and 30 min after a continuous, high-intensity exercise test. Salivary cortisol and testosterone concentrations were assessed.
Compared with pretraining, blunted exercise-induced salivary testosterone responses to the posttraining 55/80 were found (P = .004). The absolute response of salivary testosterone concentrations to the 55/80 decreased pretraining to posttraining from 114% to 85%. No changes were found in exercise-induced salivary cortisol concentration responses to the 55/80. REST-Q scores indicated no changes in the participants' psychological stress-recovery levels over the training camp.
The blunted exercise-induced salivary testosterone is likely due to decreased testicular testosterone production and/or secretion, possibly attributable to hypothalamic dysfunction or reduced testicular blood flow. REST-Q scores suggest that the triathletes coped well with training-load elevations, which could account for the finding of no change in the exercise-induced salivary cortisol concentration. Overall, these findings suggest that the 55/80 can detect altered exercise-induced salivary testosterone concentrations in an elite athletic population due to increased training stress. However, this alteration occurs independently of a perceived elevation of training stress.
本研究调查了10天强化训练对一组男性精英铁人三项运动员唾液皮质醇和睾酮水平的影响，这些运动员需进行30分钟的高强度骑行（55/80）。
七名精英男性铁人三项运动员（年龄19±1岁，最大摄氧量67.6±4.5 mL·kg-1·min-1）完成了本研究。游泳距离增加了45%。跑步和骑行训练时间分别增加了25%和229%。使用REST-Q问卷评估训练期间前、中、后的情绪状态。在连续高强度运动测试前、后及30分钟后收集未受刺激的唾液样本。评估唾液皮质醇和睾酮浓度。
与训练前相比，发现训练后对55/80的运动诱导唾液睾酮反应减弱（P = .004）。唾液睾酮浓度对55/80的绝对反应在训练前至训练后从114%降至85%。对55/80的运动诱导唾液皮质醇浓度反应未发现变化。REST-Q评分表明，在训练营期间参与者的心理压力恢复水平没有变化。
运动诱导的唾液睾酮反应减弱可能是由于睾丸睾酮产生和/或分泌减少，这可能归因于下丘脑功能障碍或睾丸血流量减少。REST-Q评分表明铁人三项运动员能够很好地应对训练负荷的增加，这可以解释运动诱导唾液皮质醇浓度没有变化的结果。总体而言，这些发现表明，由于训练压力增加，55/80可以检测出精英运动员群体中运动诱导唾液睾酮浓度的改变。然而，这种改变独立于训练压力的感知升高而发生。
