Patil Neelkant, Chaurasia Vishwajit Rampratap, Babaji Prashant, Ramesh Dnsv, Jhamb Kshitij, Sharma Akanksha Manmohan
Department of Oral Medicine, Vyas Dental College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, KLE Dental College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
Eur J Dent. 2015 Jan-Mar;9(1):47-52. doi: 10.4103/1305-7456.149640.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a highly lethal, progressively epidemic viral infection characterized by profound impairment of the immune system. Oral manifestations are common in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected AIDS patients, and are usually the first indicator of symptom and disease progression. The main objective of the current study was to compare the prevalence of oral manifestations in HIV patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) with those, not on HAART therapies.
A cross sectional study was conducted among 100 patients diagnosed as human immune virus sero-positive. These patients were divided equally into two groups (50 each); Group I patients on HAART and Group II patients who were not on HAART. Information regarding age, sex and cluster of differentiation 4 cell count was obtained from the medical records. Oral examination was done, and findings were recorded by using internationally accepted presumptive clinical criteria. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square statistical test.
The presence of oral manifestations was significantly decreased in subjects on HAART (32%) compared to those who are not on HAART (56%). The most common oral lesions detected in patients on HAART were increased oral hyper-pigmentation (14%), recurrent aphthous stomatitis (8%), non-specific ulcerations (4%), pseudo-membranous candidiasis (2%), periodontitis (2%) and xerostomia (2%), whereas in non HAART oral hyperpigmentation (10%), pseudo-membranous candidiasis (8%), angular cheilitis (4%), and erythematous candidiasis (4%) and Periodontitis (14%) were more prevalent.
The number and severity of oral manifestation decreased, and even there was a change in the type of oral manifestations on HAART, which may be because of the improvement in immunity gained by the therapy.
获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）是一种具有高度致死性且呈进行性流行的病毒感染，其特征为免疫系统严重受损。口腔表现常见于感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的艾滋病患者，并且通常是症状和疾病进展的首个指标。本研究的主要目的是比较接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）的HIV患者与未接受HAART治疗的患者口腔表现的患病率。
对100例被诊断为人类免疫病毒血清阳性的患者进行了一项横断面研究。这些患者被平均分为两组（每组50例）；第一组患者接受HAART治疗，第二组患者未接受HAART治疗。从病历中获取有关年龄、性别和分化簇4细胞计数的信息。进行口腔检查，并使用国际公认的推定临床标准记录检查结果。采用卡方统计检验进行统计分析。
与未接受HAART治疗的患者（56%）相比，接受HAART治疗的患者口腔表现的发生率显著降低（32%）。接受HAART治疗的患者中检测到的最常见口腔病变为口腔色素沉着增加（14%）、复发性阿弗他口炎（8%）、非特异性溃疡（4%）、假膜性念珠菌病（2%）、牙周炎（2%）和口干症（2%），而在未接受HAART治疗的患者中，口腔色素沉着（10%）、假膜性念珠菌病（8%）、口角炎（4%）、红斑性念珠菌病（4%）和牙周炎（14%）更为普遍。
口腔表现的数量和严重程度有所降低，甚至在接受HAART治疗时口腔表现的类型也发生了变化，这可能是由于该治疗使免疫力得到改善所致。
