Brand Ralf, Schweizer Geoffrey
Division of Sport and Exercise Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2015 Feb;37(1):63-73. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2014-0018.
The goal of the present paper is to propose a model for the study of automatic cognition and affect in exercise. We have chosen a dual-system approach to social information processing to investigate the hypothesis that situated decisions between behavioral alternatives form a functional link between automatic and reflective evaluations and the time spent on exercise. A new questionnaire is introduced to operationalize this link. A reaction-time-based evaluative priming task was used to test participants' automatic evaluations. Affective and cognitive reflective evaluations, as well as exercising time, were requested via self-report. Path analyses suggest that the affective reflective (beta = .71) and the automatic evaluation (beta = .15) independently explain situated decisions, which, in turn (beta = .60) explain time spent on exercise. Our findings highlight the concept of contextualized decisions. They can serve as a starting point from which the so far seldom investigations of automatic cognition and affect in exercise can be integrated with multitudinous results from studies on reflective psychological determinants of health behavior.
本文的目的是提出一个用于研究运动中自动认知和情感的模型。我们选择了一种社会信息处理的双系统方法，以研究行为选择之间的情境决策在自动评估和反思性评估以及运动时间之间形成功能联系的假设。引入了一份新问卷来对这种联系进行操作化。使用基于反应时间的评价性启动任务来测试参与者的自动评估。通过自我报告来获取情感和认知反思性评估以及运动时间。路径分析表明，情感反思性评估（β = 0.71）和自动评估（β = 0.15）独立解释情境决策，而情境决策反过来（β = 0.60）解释运动时间。我们的研究结果突出了情境化决策的概念。它们可以作为一个起点，将迄今为止对运动中自动认知和情感的较少研究与健康行为反思性心理决定因素研究的众多结果整合起来。
