Li Kui, Fan Xiaoxiang, Yin Zhiyong
Institute for Traffic Medicine, Department 4th, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chonhqing, China (mainland).
Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chonhqing, China (mainland).
Med Sci Monit. 2015 Mar 10;21:727-34. doi: 10.12659/MSM.893622.
The minibus, with a nearly flat front, is widely used in China, especially in the underdeveloped regions, and results in large numbers of pedestrian injuries and deaths. The purpose of this study was to determine the injury patterns and risk for pedestrians involved in these crashes.
We conducted an in-depth investigation of minibus/pedestrian accidents in Chongqing, China, occurring between September 2000 and April 2014. The enrolled pedestrians was classified into 3 groups: young (aged 14-44 years), middle-aged (aged 45-59 years), and elderly (aged over 60 years). Pedestrian injuries were coded according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS).
A total of 109 pedestrians, with an average age of 55.7±16.2 years, were injured or killed--30.3% were young, 23.9% were middle-aged, and 45.9% were elderly. Pedestrians hit by a minibus had a high proportion of head, chest, and extremity injuries--84.4%, 50.5%, and 52.3%, respectively. In addition, impact speeds in excess of 75 km/h all ultimately resulted in fatalities. At an impact speed of 30 km/h, the risk of pedestrian fatality and AIS3+ injury are approximately 12.0% and 37.2%, respectively. At 50 km/h the risks are 65.2% and 96.9%, respectively, and at 70 km/h the risks are 96.3% and 99.9%, respectively.
A higher likelihood of chest injury was associated with being older and impact speed of over 40 km/h in minibus/pedestrian collision. Our data suggest that the injury patterns of pedestrians in minibus collisions differ from that in other vehicle/pedestrian collisions. These findings could contribute to better understanding of the injury patterns and risk of pedestrian in minibus collisions in China, which may play an important role in developing measures to improve traffic safety.
小型客车前端近乎扁平，在中国广泛使用，尤其是在欠发达地区，导致大量行人伤亡。本研究的目的是确定这些碰撞事故中行人的损伤模式和风险。
我们对2000年9月至2014年4月期间发生在中国重庆的小型客车/行人事故进行了深入调查。纳入的行人分为3组：青年组（14 - 44岁）、中年组（45 - 59岁）和老年组（60岁以上）。行人损伤根据简明损伤定级标准（AIS）进行编码。
共有109名行人受伤或死亡，平均年龄为55.7±16.2岁，其中青年组占30.3%，中年组占23.9%，老年组占45.9%。被小型客车撞击的行人头部、胸部和四肢损伤比例较高，分别为84.4%、50.5%和52.3%。此外，撞击速度超过75公里/小时最终均导致死亡。在撞击速度为30公里/小时时，行人死亡风险和AIS3 +级损伤风险分别约为12.0%和37.2%。在50公里/小时时，风险分别为65.2%和96.9%，在70公里/小时时，风险分别为96.3%和99.9%。
在小型客车/行人碰撞中，年龄较大以及撞击速度超过40公里/小时与胸部损伤的可能性较高相关。我们的数据表明，小型客车碰撞中行人的损伤模式与其他车辆/行人碰撞不同。这些发现有助于更好地了解中国小型客车碰撞中行人的损伤模式和风险，这可能在制定改善交通安全的措施中发挥重要作用。
