Malta Deborah Carvalho, de Moura Lenildo, Bernal Regina Tomie Ivata
Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brasil,
Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde.
Cien Saude Colet. 2015 Mar;20(3):713-25. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232015203.16182014.
This article aims to analyze the differences between the prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable chronic disease by race/color. It is a cross-sectional study using data from a telephone survey of 45,448 adults. Prevalence ratios for chronic disease risk factors by race/color were calculated. After adjustments were made for education and income, race/color differences persisted. Among afro-descendant and mulatto women and mulatto men a higher prevalence ratio was identified of physical activity at work and physical activity at home. Afro-descendant women and mulatto men indulged in less physical inactivity. Mulatto men and women showed a lower prevalence of smoking and consumption of 20 cigarettes daily and lower consumption of fruit and vegetables. A higher consumption of full-fat milk with and beans was observed among afro-descendant and mulatto men. Afro-descendant women had a lower prevalence of drinking and driving. Afro-descendant women and men ate more meat with fat and afro-descendant men suffered more from hypertension. Differences in risk factors by race/color can be explained by cultural aspects, by not fully adjustable socioeconomic differences that determine less access to goods and less opportunities for the afro-descendant population.
本文旨在分析按种族/肤色划分的非传染性慢性病风险因素患病率之间的差异。这是一项横断面研究，使用了对45448名成年人进行电话调查的数据。计算了按种族/肤色划分的慢性病风险因素的患病率比值。在对教育和收入进行调整后，种族/肤色差异依然存在。在非裔和混血女性以及混血男性中，工作时的身体活动和在家中的身体活动的患病率比值较高。非裔女性和混血男性较少久坐不动。混血男性和女性吸烟及每日吸20支烟的患病率较低，水果和蔬菜的摄入量也较低。在非裔和混血男性中观察到全脂牛奶和豆类的消费量较高。非裔女性酒后驾车的患病率较低。非裔女性和男性食用的高脂肪肉类较多，非裔男性患高血压的情况更严重。按种族/肤色划分的风险因素差异可由文化因素以及决定非裔人口获得商品机会较少和机会较少的社会经济差异无法完全调整来解释。
