Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2015 Mar 6;3:27. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00027. eCollection 2015.
Sulfidogenic biochemical reactors (BCRs) for metal removal that use complex organic carbon have been shown to be effective in laboratory studies, but their performance in the field is highly variable. Successful operation depends on the types of microorganisms supported by the organic matrix, and factors affecting the community composition are unknown. A molecular survey of a field-based BCR that had been removing zinc and arsenic for over 6 years revealed that the microbial community was dominated by methanogens related to Methanocorpusculum sp. and Methanosarcina sp., which co-occurred with Bacteroidetes environmental groups, such as Vadin HA17, in places where the organic matter was more degraded. The metabolic potential for organic matter decomposition by Ruminococcaceae was prevalent in samples with more pyrolyzable carbon. Rhodobium- and Hyphomicrobium-related genera within the Rhizobiales order that have the metabolic potential for dark hydrogen fermentation and methylotrophy, and unclassified Comamonadaceae were the dominant Proteobacteria. The unclassified environmental group Sh765B-TzT-29 was an important Delta-Proteobacteria group in this BCR that co-occurred with the dominant Rhizobiales operational taxonomic units. Organic matter degradation is one driver for shifting the microbial community composition and therefore possibly the performance of these bioreactors over time.
用于去除金属的产硫化物生化反应器（BCRs）在实验室研究中已被证明是有效的，但它们在现场的性能变化很大。成功的操作取决于有机基质支持的微生物类型，而影响群落组成的因素尚不清楚。对一个已运行超过 6 年、用于去除锌和砷的现场 BCR 的分子调查显示，微生物群落主要由与 Methanocorpusculum sp. 和 Methanosarcina sp. 相关的产甲烷菌主导，这些产甲烷菌与 Vadin HA17 等细菌环境群落在有机物降解程度较高的地方共存。在具有更多可热解碳的样本中，普遍存在着 Ruminococcaceae 对有机物分解的代谢潜力。在 Rhizobiales 目中具有暗发酵和甲基营养代谢潜力的 Rhodobium 和 Hyphomicrobium 相关属以及未分类的 Comamonadaceae 是优势变形菌。未分类的环境群落在该 BCR 中是一个重要的Delta-Proteobacteria 组，与优势 Rhizobiales 分类操作单元共存。有机物降解是驱动微生物群落组成变化的一个因素，因此可能是这些生物反应器随时间推移性能变化的一个因素。
