Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Xikang Road No. 1, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210098, China,
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Aug;22(15):11412-21. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-4371-4. Epub 2015 Mar 27.
The rapid development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) has been of concern worldwide. In this study, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were investigated in antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from surface water samples (rivers, n = 17; Taihu Lake, n = 16) and from human, chicken, swine, and Egretta garzetta sources in the Taihu Basin. E. coli showing resistance to at least five drugs occurred in 31, 67, 58, 27, and 18% of the isolates from surface water (n = 665), chicken (n = 27), swine (n = 29), human (n = 45), and E. garzetta (n = 15) sources, respectively. The mean multi-antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of surface water samples (0.44) was lower than that of chicken (0.64) and swine (0.57) sources but higher than that of human (0.30) and E. garzetta sources (0.15). Ten tetracycline, four sulfonamide, four quinolone, five β-lactamase, and two streptomycin resistance genes were detected in the corresponding antibiotic-resistant isolates. Most antibiotic-resistant E. coli harbored at least two similar functional ARGs. Int-I was detected in at least 57% of MAR E. coli isolates. The results of multiple correspondence analysis and Spearman correlation analysis suggest that antibiotic-resistant E. coli in water samples were mainly originated from swine, chicken, and/or human sources. Most of the ARGs detected in E. garzetta sources were prevalent in other sources. These data indicated that human activities may have contributed to the spread of ARB in the aquatic environment.
抗生素耐药菌（ARB）的快速发展引起了全球关注。本研究调查了来自太湖流域地表水（河流，n=17；太湖，n=16）以及人类、鸡、猪和白鹭源的耐抗生素大肠杆菌中抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）。对至少 5 种药物表现出耐药性的大肠杆菌分别出现在地表水（n=665）、鸡（n=27）、猪（n=29）、人（n=45）和白鹭（n=15）源分离株的 31%、67%、58%、27%和 18%中。地表水样本的平均多抗生素耐药（MAR）指数（0.44）低于鸡（0.64）和猪（0.57）源，但高于人（0.30）和白鹭（0.15）源。在相应的耐抗生素分离株中检测到了 10 个四环素、4 个磺胺类、4 个喹诺酮、5 个β-内酰胺酶和 2 个链霉素耐药基因。大多数耐抗生素大肠杆菌至少携带两种类似功能的 ARGs。至少 57%的 MAR 大肠杆菌分离株中检测到了 Int-I。多元对应分析和 Spearman 相关分析的结果表明，水样中耐抗生素大肠杆菌主要来源于猪、鸡和/或人类来源。在白鹭源中检测到的大多数 ARGs 在其他来源中也很普遍。这些数据表明，人类活动可能导致了 ARB 在水生环境中的传播。
