Yatim Karim M, Lakkis Fadi G
Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute and the Departments of Surgery, Immunology, and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute and the Departments of Surgery, Immunology, and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015 Jul 7;10(7):1274-81. doi: 10.2215/CJN.10031014. Epub 2015 Apr 6.
This review serves as an introduction to an Immunology Series for the Nephrologist published in CJASN. It provides a brief overview of the immune system, how it works, and why it matters to kidneys. This review describes in broad terms the main divisions of the immune system (innate and adaptive), their cellular and tissue components, and the ways by which they function and are regulated. The story is told through the prism of evolution in order to relay to the reader why the immune system does what it does and why imperfections in the system can lead to renal disease. Detailed descriptions of cell types, molecules, and other immunologic curiosities are avoided as much as possible in an effort to not detract from the importance of the broader concepts that define the immune system and its relationship to the kidney.
本综述是发表于《临床与转化肾脏病学杂志》（CJASN）的肾脏病学家免疫学系列文章的引言。它简要概述了免疫系统、其工作方式以及对肾脏的重要性。本综述大致描述了免疫系统的主要分类（固有免疫和适应性免疫）、其细胞和组织成分，以及它们发挥功能和受到调节的方式。讲述这个故事借助了进化的视角，以便向读者阐释免疫系统为何如此运作，以及该系统的缺陷为何会导致肾脏疾病。为避免偏离定义免疫系统及其与肾脏关系的更广泛概念的重要性，本文尽可能避免对细胞类型、分子及其他免疫学奇特性进行详细描述。
