Fall Bécaye, Camara Cheikhou, Fall Mansour, Nakoulima Aminata, Dionne Pierre, Diatta Bakary, Diemé Yaya, Wade Boubacar, Pradines Bruno
Malar J. 2015 Feb 6;14:60. doi: 10.1186/s12936-015-0589-3.
In 2006, the Senegalese National Malaria Control Programme recommended artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria. Since the introduction of ACT, there have been very few reports on the level of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to anti-malarial drugs. An ex vivo susceptibility study was conducted on local isolates obtained from the Hôpital Principal de Dakar (Dakar, Senegal) from November 2013 to January 2014.
Eighteen P. falciparum isolates were sussessfully assessed for ex vivo susceptibility to chloroquine (CQ), quinine (QN), monodesethylamodiaquine (MDAQ), the active metabolite of amodiaquine, mefloquine (MQ), lumefantrine (LMF), artesunate (AS), dihydroartemisinin (DHA), the active metabolite of artemisinin derivatives, pyronaridine (PND), piperaquine (PPQ), and, Proveblue (PVB), a methylene blue preparation, using the HRP2-based ELISA test.
The prevalence of isolates with reduced susceptibility was 55.6% for MQ, 50% for CQ, 5.6% for QN and MDAQ, and 0% for DHA, AS and LMF. The mean IC₅₀ for PND, PPQ and PVB were 5.8 nM, 32.2 nM and 5.3 nM, respectively.
The prevalence of isolates with a reduced susceptibility to MQ remains high and stable in Dakar. Since 2004, the prevalence of CQ resistance decreased, but rebounded in 2013 in Dakar. PND, PPQ and PVB showed high in vitro activity in P. falciparum parasites from Dakar.
2006年，塞内加尔国家疟疾控制项目推荐以青蒿素为基础的联合疗法（ACT）作为非复杂性疟疾的一线治疗方法。自引入ACT以来，关于恶性疟原虫对抗疟药物耐药水平的报道极少。2013年11月至2014年1月，对从达喀尔市立医院（塞内加尔达喀尔）获取的本地分离株进行了体外药敏研究。
使用基于HRP2的ELISA检测法，成功评估了18株恶性疟原虫分离株对氯喹（CQ）、奎宁（QN）、单去乙基阿莫地喹（MDAQ，阿莫地喹的活性代谢物）、甲氟喹（MQ）、本芴醇（LMF）、青蒿琥酯（AS）、双氢青蒿素（DHA，青蒿素衍生物的活性代谢物）、咯萘啶（PND）、哌喹（PPQ）以及亚甲蓝制剂普洛蓝（PVB）的体外敏感性。
对MQ敏感性降低的分离株患病率为55.6%，CQ为50%，QN和MDAQ为5.6%，DHA、AS和LMF为0%。PND、PPQ和PVB的平均IC₅₀分别为5.8 nM、32.2 nM和5.3 nM。
在达喀尔，对MQ敏感性降低的分离株患病率仍然很高且稳定。自2004年以来，CQ耐药率有所下降，但在2013年达喀尔出现反弹。PND、PPQ和PVB对来自达喀尔的恶性疟原虫显示出较高的体外活性。
