Karam Carma, Beauchet Alain, Czernichow Sebastien, de Roquefeuil Florence, Bourez Alain, Mansencal Nicolas, Dubourg Olivier
Cardiology Department, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre de référence des Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin (UVSQ), Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
Public Health Department, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, UVSQ, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
PLoS One. 2015 Apr 23;10(4):e0124817. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124817. eCollection 2015.
Surveys measuring effectiveness of public awareness campaigns in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence have yielded equivocal findings. The aim of this study was to describe cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) changes over the years in an untreated population-based study.
Between 2007 and 2012, we conducted a screening campaign for CVRFs in men aged 40 to 65 yrs and women aged 50 to 70 yrs in the western suburbs of Paris. Data were complete for 20,324 participants of which 14,709 were untreated.
The prevalence trend over six years was statistically significant for hypertension in men from 25.9% in 2007 to 21.1% in 2012 (p=0.002) and from 23% in 2007 to 12.7% in 2012 in women (p<0.0001). The prevalence trend of tobacco smoking decreased from 38.6% to 27.7% in men (p=0.0001) and from 22.6% to 16.8% in women (p=0.113). The Framingham 10-year risk for CVD decreased from 13.3 ± 8.2 % in 2007 to 11.7 ± 9.0 % in 2012 in men and from 8.0 ± 4.1 % to 5.9 ± 3.4 % in women. The 10-year risk of fatal CVD based on the European Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) decreased in men and in women (p <0.0001).
Over a 6-year period, several CVRFs have decreased in our screening campaign, leading to decrease in the 10-year risk for CVD and the 10-year risk of fatal CVD. Cardiologists should recognize the importance of community prevention programs and communication policies, particularly tobacco control and healthier diets to decrease the CVRFs in the general population.
衡量公众宣传活动在降低心血管疾病（CVD）发病率方面有效性的调查结果不一。本研究的目的是在一项基于人群的未治疗研究中描述多年来心血管危险因素（CVRF）的变化。
2007年至2012年期间，我们在巴黎西郊对40至65岁男性和50至70岁女性进行了CVRF筛查活动。20324名参与者的数据完整，其中14709人未接受治疗。
男性高血压患病率在六年中的趋势具有统计学意义，从2007年的25.9%降至2012年的21.1%（p = 0.002），女性从2007年的23%降至2012年的12.7%（p < 0.0001）。男性吸烟率从38.6%降至27.7%（p = 0.0001），女性从22.6%降至16.8%（p = 0.113）。男性的弗雷明汉10年心血管疾病风险从2007年的13.3±8.2%降至2012年的11.7±9.0%，女性从8.0±4.1%降至5.9±3.4%。基于欧洲系统性冠状动脉风险评估（SCORE）的10年致命心血管疾病风险在男性和女性中均有所下降（p < 0.0001）。
在6年期间，我们的筛查活动中几种CVRF有所下降，导致10年心血管疾病风险和10年致命心血管疾病风险降低。心脏病专家应认识到社区预防计划和宣传政策的重要性，特别是烟草控制和更健康的饮食，以降低普通人群中的CVRF。
