Ripoll Gallardo Alba, Djalali Ahmadreza, Foletti Marco, Ragazzoni Luca, Della Corte Francesco, Lupescu Olivera, Arculeo Chris, von Arnim Gotz, Friedl Tom, Ashkenazi Michael, Fisher Philipp, Hreckovski Boris, Khorram-Manesh Amir, Komadina Radko, Lechner Konstanze, Stal Marc, Patru Cristina, Burkle Frederick M, Ingrassia Pier Luigi
1CRIMEDIM,Università del Piemonte Orientale,Novara,Italy.
2URGENTA,Clinical Emergency Hospital,Bucharest,Romania.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2015 Aug;9(4):430-9. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2015.24. Epub 2015 May 5.
Disaster response demands a large workforce covering diverse professional sectors. Throughout this article, we illustrate the results of a systematic review of peer-reviewed studies to identify existing competency sets for disaster management and humanitarian assistance that would serve as guidance for the development of a common disaster curriculum. A systematic review of English-language articles was performed on PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ERIC, and Cochrane Library. Studies were included if reporting competency domains, abilities, knowledge, skills, or attitudes for professionals involved disaster relief or humanitarian assistance. Exclusion criteria included abstracts, citations, case studies, and studies not dealing with disasters or humanitarian assistance. Thirty-eight papers were analyzed. Target audience was defined in all articles. Five references (13%) reported cross-sectorial competencies. Most of the articles (81.6%) were specific to health care. Eighteen (47%) papers included competencies for at least 2 different disciplines and 18 (47%) for different professional groups. Nursing was the most widely represented cadre. Eighteen papers (47%) defined competency domains and 36 (94%) reported list of competencies. Nineteen articles (50%) adopted consensus-building to define competencies, and 12 (31%) included competencies adapted to different professional responsibility levels. This systematic review revealed that the largest number of papers were mainly focused on the health care sector and presented a lack of agreement on the terminology used for competency-based definition.
灾难应对需要涵盖不同专业领域的庞大劳动力队伍。在本文中，我们阐述了一项对同行评审研究的系统评价结果，以确定现有的灾害管理和人道主义援助能力集，这些能力集将为制定通用的灾害课程提供指导。我们在PubMed、谷歌学术、Scopus、教育资源信息中心（ERIC）和考科蓝图书馆上对英文文章进行了系统评价。如果研究报告了参与救灾或人道主义援助的专业人员的能力领域、能力、知识、技能或态度，则纳入研究。排除标准包括摘要、引文、案例研究以及不涉及灾害或人道主义援助的研究。共分析了38篇论文。所有文章都定义了目标受众。五篇参考文献（13%）报告了跨部门能力。大多数文章（81.6%）特定于医疗保健领域。18篇（47%）论文包含了至少2个不同学科的能力，18篇（47%）包含了不同专业群体的能力。护理是代表性最广泛的人员类别。18篇论文（47%）定义了能力领域，36篇（94%）报告了能力清单。19篇文章（50%）采用共识构建来定义能力，12篇（31%）纳入了根据不同专业责任水平调整的能力。这项系统评价表明，大多数论文主要关注医疗保健领域，并且在基于能力的定义所使用的术语上缺乏一致性。
