Pulerwitz Julie, Hui Wang, Arney Jennifer, Scott Lisa Mueller
a PATH , Washington , District of Columbia , USA.
J Health Commun. 2015 Aug;20(8):869-78. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2015.1018573. Epub 2015 May 7.
Global evidence demonstrates that inequitable gender norms negatively influence key health outcomes (e.g., violence, HIV/STI), and the importance of male involvement in prevention efforts. The China Family Planning Association and PATH partnered to develop and evaluate a gender-focused behavior change communication intervention for HIV and violence prevention. Eight participatory education sessions-adapted for the Chinese setting-were implemented in factories and schools. Baseline and endline surveys with participants (219 male factory workers and 496 male vocational students) were conducted. Support for (in)equitable norms was measured by the Gender Equitable Men Scale, as well as partner violence and communication. Focus groups with male and female workers/students, teachers, and factory managers were used to corroborate findings. At baseline, many workers and students supported inequitable gender norms, with workers generally being more inequitable. At endline, significant positive changes in gender-related views (e.g., reduction from 42% to 18% of workers agreeing that "a woman should tolerate violence in order to keep her family together") and behaviors (e.g., reduction from 15% to 7% of students reporting partner violence over the past 3 months) were reported. Results suggest that a relatively low intensity intervention can influence important gender norms and related behaviors.
全球证据表明，不公平的性别规范会对关键健康结果（如暴力、艾滋病毒/性传播感染）产生负面影响，也凸显了男性参与预防工作的重要性。中国计划生育协会与PATH合作，开发并评估了一项针对艾滋病毒和暴力预防的、以性别为重点的行为改变沟通干预措施。在工厂和学校开展了八场根据中国国情调整的参与式教育课程。对参与者（219名男性工厂工人和496名男性职业学生）进行了基线调查和终期调查。通过性别平等男性量表以及伴侣暴力和沟通情况来衡量对（不）公平规范的支持程度。通过与男性和女性工人/学生、教师以及工厂经理进行焦点小组访谈来佐证调查结果。在基线阶段，许多工人和学生支持不公平的性别规范，工人的态度普遍更为不公平。在终期阶段，报告显示与性别相关的观点（如同意“女性为了维系家庭应该容忍暴力”的工人比例从42%降至18%）和行为（如在过去3个月中报告有伴侣暴力行为的学生比例从15%降至7%）有了显著的积极变化。结果表明，强度相对较低的干预措施能够影响重要的性别规范及相关行为。
