Hassan Lotfi Mohammad, Mahmoud Noori, Miller Anthony B, Iraj Harrirchi, Mohsen Mirzaei, Majid Jafarizadea, Reza Sadeghian Mohammad, Mojgan Minosepehr
Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Health Faculty, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Daneshju Blv. Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Breast. 2015 Aug;24(4):487-90. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2015.04.011. Epub 2015 May 12.
Breast cancer is the number one cancer of women in the world. More than 90% of breast cancers can be cured with early diagnosis followed by effective multimodality treatment. The efficacy of screening by breast self-examination (BSE) and breast physical examination (BPx) is best evaluated using randomized screening trials.
A total of 12,660 women aged 35-64 years, 6330 in the intervention group and 6330 in the control group, were randomly selected from four areas of Yazd city, I.R. of Iran. The number of detected cancers along with kind of cancer, staging of cancer, the route of detected cancer and the number of deaths during the first 5 years of the study were collected and analyzed.
No significance difference between the two groups was seen in respect to socio-demographic and socio-economic variables (P > 0.05). Subjects in the intervention group had a response rate of 83.5% for attending the health center and 80.2% for visiting the assigned surgeon. A total of 31 and 13 new cases of breast cancer were identified in the intervention and control groups, respectively, of which 48.5% of cases in the intervention group were <50 yr of age. A significant difference between the cumulative incidence of breast cancer in the two groups with a ratio of 2.4 was observed.
BSE & BPx have a significant effect in detecting breast cancers at early stages (<3) suggesting they are effective screening tests with high availability and low costs that can be applied at the community level.
乳腺癌是全球女性的头号癌症。超过90%的乳腺癌通过早期诊断及有效的多模式治疗可以治愈。通过随机筛查试验能最好地评估乳房自我检查（BSE）和乳房体格检查（BPx）的筛查效果。
从伊朗亚兹德市的四个地区随机选取了12660名年龄在35至64岁之间的女性，干预组和对照组各6330名。收集并分析了研究头5年期间检测出的癌症数量、癌症类型、癌症分期、癌症检测途径以及死亡人数。
两组在社会人口统计学和社会经济变量方面无显著差异（P>0.05）。干预组受试者前往健康中心的响应率为83.5%，拜访指定外科医生的响应率为80.2%。干预组和对照组分别共确诊31例和13例新的乳腺癌病例，其中干预组48.5%的病例年龄小于50岁。观察到两组乳腺癌累积发病率存在显著差异，比例为2.4。
乳房自我检查和乳房体格检查在早期（<3期）检测乳腺癌方面具有显著效果，表明它们是有效且高可用性、低成本的筛查测试，可应用于社区层面。
