Vitalini Sara, Puricelli Cristina, Mikerezi Ilia, Iriti Marcello
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
Orto Botanico di Brera, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Brera 28, 20121 Milano, Italy.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Sep 15;173:435-58. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.036. Epub 2015 May 30.
The value of ethnobotanical information is now increasingly acknowledged. Our investigation added new data to the traditional knowledge on the plant uses in Italian alpine areas, where only in recent years the awareness of losing such valuable heritage stimulated interest of the scientific community and land managers in its recovery and enhancement. To this end, the present study aimed to collect and analyse information on plant species employed in Northern Italy (Lombardy Region), particularly in Alta Valtellina, an area of high naturalistic interest, where ethnobotanical knowledge is at the risk of passing covering a secondary role compared to other aspects of the local culture.
A total of 328 people from six municipalities were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Data were evaluated by quantitative parameters such as ethnobotanicity and ethnophytonomic indices, factor informant consensus (Fic), fidelity level (Fl). Abandoned and current uses were compared. Herbarium materials were prepared and conserved.
Inhabitants of Alta Valtellina used 212 plant species, including 19 mushrooms and 1 lichen for medicinal, food and cosmetic purposes. Despite half of medicinal uses has fallen into disuse, the plant species of this category were still collected in largest number. Digestive, respiratory and skin systems were the most frequently treated. Fic and Fl values, in addition to simple percentage data confirmed this finding. Although 40% of the known uses is now abandoned, a considerable number of them was recorded for the first time in an alpine area.
The study revealed that the popular knowledge of plant species is still alive in the Alta Valtellina. The prerogatives of some species are now outdated, but they leave room for other uses of the plant resources that may provide new opportunities from the scientific, cultural and economic points of view.
民族植物学信息的价值如今日益得到认可。我们的调查为意大利高山地区植物用途的传统知识增添了新数据，在该地区，直到近年来，人们才意识到失去这一宝贵遗产，这激发了科学界和土地管理者对其恢复与提升的兴趣。为此，本研究旨在收集和分析意大利北部（伦巴第地区），特别是瓦尔泰利纳上游地区所使用植物物种的信息，该地区具有很高的自然价值，相比当地文化的其他方面，民族植物学知识正面临被忽视的风险。
使用半结构化问卷对来自六个市镇的328人进行了访谈。通过民族植物性和民族植物经济学指数、信息提供者共识因子（Fic）、忠诚度水平（Fl）等定量参数对数据进行评估。比较了废弃用途和当前用途。制备并保存了标本材料。
瓦尔泰利纳上游地区的居民使用了212种植物物种，包括19种蘑菇和1种地衣，用于药用、食用和美容目的。尽管一半的药用用途已不再使用，但这类植物物种的采集量仍然最大。消化、呼吸和皮肤系统是最常治疗的对象。Fic和Fl值以及简单的百分比数据证实了这一发现。尽管40%的已知用途现已被废弃，但其中相当一部分是首次在高山地区被记录。
该研究表明，瓦尔泰利纳上游地区对植物物种的民间知识仍然存在。一些物种的特权现在已经过时，但它们为植物资源的其他用途留出了空间，这可能从科学、文化和经济角度提供新的机会。
