da Silva Jamile Andréa Rodrigues, de Araújo Airton Alencar, Lourenço Júnior José de Brito, dos Santos Núbia de Fátima Alves, Garcia Alexandre Rossetto, de Oliveira Raimundo Parente
Institute of Animal Health and Production, Federal Rural University of the Amazon - UFRA, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, 2501, Belém, Pará, 66077-901, Brazil,
Int J Biometeorol. 2015 Sep;59(9):1261-7. doi: 10.1007/s00484-014-0937-y. Epub 2015 Jun 4.
The study aimed to develop new and more specific thermal comfort indices for buffaloes reared in the Amazon region. Twenty female Murrah buffaloes were studied for a year. The animals were fed in pasture with drinking water and mineral supplementation ad libitum. The following parameters were measured twice a week in the morning (7 AM) and afternoon (1 PM): air temperature (AT), relative air humidity (RH), dew point temperature (DPT), wet bulb temperature (WBT), black globe temperature (BGT), rectal temperature (RT), respiratory rate (RR), and body surface temperature (BST). The temperature and humidity index (THI), globe temperature and humidity index (GTHI), Benezra's comfort index (BTCI), and Ibéria's heat tolerance index (IHTI) were calculated so they could be compared to the new indices. Multivariate regression analyses were carried out using the canonical correlation model, and all indices were correlated with the physiological and climatic variables. Three pairs of indices (general, effective, and practical) were determined comprising the buffalo comfort climatic condition index (BCCCI) and the buffalo environmental comfort index (BECI). The indices were validated and a great agreement was found among the BCCCIs (general, effective, and practical), with 98.3 % between general and effective a.nd 92.6 % between general and practical. A significant correlation (P < 0.01) was found between the new indices and the physiological and climatic variables, which indicated that these may be used in pairs to diagnose thermal stress in buffaloes reared in the Amazon.
该研究旨在为亚马逊地区饲养的水牛开发新的、更具特异性的热舒适指数。对20头雌性摩拉水牛进行了为期一年的研究。这些动物在牧场中自由采食、饮水并补充矿物质。每周在上午7点和下午1点测量以下参数两次：气温（AT）、相对空气湿度（RH）、露点温度（DPT）、湿球温度（WBT）、黑球温度（BGT）、直肠温度（RT）、呼吸频率（RR）和体表温度（BST）。计算了温度湿度指数（THI）、球温度湿度指数（GTHI）、贝内兹拉舒适指数（BTCI）和伊比利亚耐热指数（IHTI），以便与新指数进行比较。使用典型相关模型进行多元回归分析，所有指数均与生理和气候变量相关。确定了三对指数（通用、有效和实用），包括水牛舒适气候条件指数（BCCCI）和水牛环境舒适指数（BECI）。对这些指数进行了验证，发现BCCCI（通用、有效和实用）之间具有高度一致性，通用与有效之间为98.3%，通用与实用之间为92.6%。新指数与生理和气候变量之间存在显著相关性（P < 0.01），这表明这些指数可成对用于诊断亚马逊地区饲养的水牛的热应激情况。
