Cock I E, Winnett V, Sirdaarta J, Matthews B
Environmental Futures Research Institute, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia ; School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
Pharmacogn Mag. 2015 May;11(Suppl 1):S190-208. doi: 10.4103/0973-1296.157734.
A wide variety of herbal medicines are used in indigenous Australian traditional medicinal systems to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammation. The current study was undertaken to test the ability of a panel of Australian plants with a history of the ethnobotanical usage in the treatment of inflammation for the ability to block the microbial trigger of RA.
One hundred and six extracts from 40 plant species were investigated for the ability to inhibit the growth of the bacterial trigger of RA (Proteus mirabilis). The extracts were tested for toxicity in the Artemia nauplii bioassay. The most potent inhibitor of P. mirabilis growth was further analyzed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) coupled to high accuracy time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectroscopy.
Sixty-five of the 106 extracts tested (61.3%) inhibited the growth of P. The Aleurites moluccanus, Datura leichardtii, Eucalyptus major, Leptospermum bracteata, L. juniperium, Macadamia integriflora nut, Melaleuca alternifolia, Melaleuca quinquenervia, Petalostigma pubescens, P. triloculorae, P. augustifolium, Scaevola spinescens, Syzygium australe, and Tasmannia lanceolata extracts were determined to be the most effective inhibitors of P. mirabilis growth, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values generally significantly below 1000 μg/ml. T. lanceolata fruit extracts were the most effective P. mirabilis growth inhibitors, with a MIC values of 11 and 126 μg/ml for the methanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively. Subsequent analysis of the T. lanceolata fruit extracts by RP-HPLC coupled to high-resolution TOF mass spectroscopy failed to detect resveratrol in either T. lanceolata fruit extract. However, the resveratrol glycoside piceid and 2 combretastatin stilbenes (A-1 and A-4) were detected in both T. lanceolata fruit extracts. With the exception of the Eucalyptus and Syzygium extracts, all extracts exhibiting Proteus inhibitory activity were also shown to be nontoxic, or of low toxicity in the Artemia nauplii bioassay.
The low toxicity of these extracts and their inhibitory bioactivity against Proteus spp. indicate their potential in blocking the onset of rheumatoid arthritis.
澳大利亚本土传统医学系统中使用多种草药来治疗类风湿性关节炎（RA）和炎症。本研究旨在测试一组有民族植物学使用历史用于治疗炎症的澳大利亚植物阻断RA微生物触发因素的能力。
研究了来自40种植物的106种提取物抑制RA细菌触发因素（奇异变形杆菌）生长的能力。提取物在卤虫无节幼体生物测定中进行毒性测试。通过反相高效液相色谱（RP-HPLC）与高精度飞行时间（TOF）质谱联用对最有效的奇异变形杆菌生长抑制剂进行进一步分析。
所测试的106种提取物中有65种（61.3%）抑制了奇异变形杆菌的生长。石栗、利氏曼陀罗、大桉、具苞片白千层、刺叶白千层、澳洲坚果、互叶白千层、五脉白千层、柔毛瓣蕊花、三叶瓣蕊花、奥古斯托叶瓣蕊花、刺鳞草、南方蒲桃和披针叶 Tasmannia 提取物被确定为奇异变形杆菌生长的最有效抑制剂，最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值通常显著低于1000μg/ml。披针叶 Tasmannia 果实提取物是最有效的奇异变形杆菌生长抑制剂，甲醇提取物和水提取物的MIC值分别为11和126μg/ml。随后通过RP-HPLC与高分辨率TOF质谱联用对披针叶 Tasmannia 果实提取物进行分析，在两种披针叶 Tasmannia 果实提取物中均未检测到白藜芦醇。然而，在两种披针叶 Tasmannia 果实提取物中均检测到白藜芦醇糖苷云杉新苷和2种柯里拉京芪类化合物（A-1和A-4）。除了桉属和蒲桃属提取物外，所有表现出对变形杆菌抑制活性的提取物在卤虫无节幼体生物测定中也显示无毒或低毒。
这些提取物的低毒性及其对变形杆菌属的抑制生物活性表明它们在阻断类风湿性关节炎发病方面具有潜力。
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