利用本土解淀粉芽孢杆菌 HK34 诱导人参对疫霉的系统抗性。
Induction of systemic resistance in Panax ginseng against Phytophthora cactorum by native Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HK34.
机构信息
Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.
Division of Agricultural Microbiology, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea.
出版信息
J Ginseng Res. 2015 Jul;39(3):213-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2014.12.002. Epub 2014 Dec 27.
BACKGROUND
Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is a perennial herb prone to various root diseases, with Phytophthora cactorum being considered one of the most dreaded pathogens. P. cactorum causes foliar blight and root rot. Although chemical pesticides are available for disease control, attention has been shifted to viable, eco-friendly, and cost-effective biological means such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for control of diseases.
METHODS
Native Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain HK34 was isolated from wild ginseng and assessed as a biological control agent for ginseng. Leaves from plants treated with HK34 were analyzed for induced systemic resistance (ISR) against P. cactorum in square plate assay. Treated plants were verified for differential expression of defense-related marker genes using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS
A total of 78 native rhizosphere bacilli from wild P. ginseng were isolated. One of the root-associated bacteria identified as B. amyloliquefaciens strain HK34 effectively induced resistance against P. cactorum when applied as soil drench once (99.1% disease control) and as a priming treatment two times in the early stages (83.9% disease control). A similar result was observed in the leaf samples of plants under field conditions, where the percentage of disease control was 85.6%. Significant upregulation of the genes PgPR10, PgPR5, and PgCAT in the leaves of plants treated with HK34 was observed against P. cactorum compared with untreated controls and only pathogen-treated plants.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicate HK34 as a potential biocontrol agent eliciting ISR in ginseng against P. cactorum.
背景
朝鲜人参（Panax ginseng Meyer）是一种多年生草本植物，容易发生各种根部病害，其中疫霉（Phytophthora cactorum）被认为是最可怕的病原体之一。疫霉可引起叶片枯萎和根部腐烂。尽管有化学农药可用于病害防治，但人们已将注意力转向可行、环保且具有成本效益的生物手段，如植物促生根际细菌（PGPR），以控制病害。
方法
从野生人参中分离出本土解淀粉芽孢杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）菌株 HK34，并将其评估为人参的生物防治剂。在平板测定中分析用 HK34 处理的叶片对疫霉的诱导系统抗性（ISR）。使用定量逆转录聚合酶链反应验证处理过的植物防御相关标记基因的差异表达。
结果
从野生 P. ginseng 的根际土壤中分离出总共 78 株本土根际芽孢杆菌。鉴定出与根相关的一种细菌为解淀粉芽孢杆菌 HK34 菌株，当作为土壤淋溶剂使用一次时（防治效果为 99.1%）和在早期进行两次预处理时（防治效果为 83.9%），可有效诱导对疫霉的抗性。在田间条件下植物叶片样本中也观察到了类似的结果，防治效果为 85.6%。与未处理对照和仅受病原体处理的植物相比，用 HK34 处理的植物叶片中 PgPR10、PgPR5 和 PgCAT 等基因的表达显著上调。
结论
本研究结果表明 HK34 是一种有潜力的生物防治剂，可在人参中诱导对疫霉的 ISR。
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