Directorate of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Technology, School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute-Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Eur J Nutr. 2016 Aug;55(5):1831-8. doi: 10.1007/s00394-015-1000-4. Epub 2015 Jul 24.
A comparison of resting metabolic rate (RMR), respiratory quotient (RQ) and body temperature between adults of African and European descent.
Twenty-nine sub-Saharan Africans (SSA; 13 men and 16 women) and thirty-two Australians of European descent (EUR; eight men and 24 women) had RMR and RQ measured by indirect calorimetry. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine fat mass (FM), fat-free mass, bone mineral content (BMC), appendicular lean tissue mass and non-appendicular lean tissue mass. Total skeletal muscle mass (SMM) was predicted. Residual mass (RM) was the difference between body weight and the sum of FM, SMM and BMC. The short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to determine habitual physical activity (PA). Tympanic in the ear temperature (IET) and forearm to fingertip temperature gradients (FFG) were monitored throughout the protocol.
The unadjusted RMR of SSA was significantly lower compared to EUR. Adjusted for age, sex, season, PA, FM, BMC, SMM and RM, this difference in RMR was still evident (mean ± SE, SSA: 4880 ± 161 kJ/d vs. EUR: 5979 ± 111, P < 0.005). The same model of adjustment also uncovered a significantly lower adjusted IET (SSA: 35.26 °C ± 0.133 vs. EUR: 35.60 ± 0.091, P < 0.05), a higher adjusted RQ (SSA: 0.86 ± 0.014 vs. EUR: 0.83 ± 0.010, P < 0.05) but no difference in adjusted FFG.
In this study, SSA had a lower RMR, higher RQ and lower IET relative to EUR Australians.
比较非裔和欧洲裔成年人的静息代谢率（RMR）、呼吸商（RQ）和体温。
通过间接测热法测量 29 名撒哈拉以南非洲人（SSA；13 名男性和 16 名女性）和 32 名澳大利亚欧洲裔（EUR；8 名男性和 24 名女性）的 RMR 和 RQ。双能 X 射线吸收法用于确定脂肪量（FM）、去脂体重、骨矿物质含量（BMC）、四肢瘦组织量和非四肢瘦组织量。总骨骼肌量（SMM）被预测。残留量（RM）是体重与 FM、SMM 和 BMC 总和的差值。国际体力活动问卷的简短形式用于确定习惯性体力活动（PA）。整个方案中监测了耳朵鼓膜温度（IET）和前臂到指尖温度梯度（FFG）。
未调整的 SSA 的 RMR 明显低于 EUR。调整年龄、性别、季节、PA、FM、BMC、SMM 和 RM 后，RMR 仍存在差异（平均值±SE，SSA：4880±161 kJ/d vs. EUR：5979±111，P<0.005）。同样的调整模型还揭示了调整后的 IET 明显较低（SSA：35.26°C±0.133 vs. EUR：35.60±0.091，P<0.05），调整后的 RQ 较高（SSA：0.86±0.014 vs. EUR：0.83±0.010，P<0.05），但调整后的 FFG 没有差异。
在这项研究中，SSA 的 RMR 较低，RQ 较高，IET 较低，与澳大利亚的 EUR 相比。
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