前列腺、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌（PLCO）队列研究中的咖啡、茶、咖啡因摄入量与癌症风险
Coffee, tea, caffeine intake, and the risk of cancer in the PLCO cohort.
作者信息
Hashibe Mia, Galeone Carlotta, Buys Saundra S, Gren Lisa, Boffetta Paolo, Zhang Zuo-Feng, La Vecchia Carlo
机构信息
Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, 375 Chipeta Way, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
出版信息
Br J Cancer. 2015 Sep 1;113(5):809-16. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2015.276. Epub 2015 Aug 20.
BACKGROUND
The association between coffee intake, tea intake and cancer has been extensively studied, but associations are not established for many cancers. Previous studies are not consistent on whether caffeine may be the source of possible associations between coffee and cancer risk.
METHODS
In the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian cancer screening trial, of the 97,334 eligible individuals, 10,399 developed cancer. Cancers included were 145 head and neck, 99 oesophageal, 136 stomach, 1137 lung, 1703 breast, 257 endometrial, 162 ovarian, 3037 prostate, 318 kidney, 398 bladder, 103 gliomas, and 106 thyroid.
RESULTS
Mean coffee intake was higher in lower education groups, among current smokers, among heavier and longer duration smokers, and among heavier alcohol drinkers. Coffee intake was not associated with the risk of all cancers combined (RR=1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.96-1.05), whereas tea drinking was associated with a decreased risk of cancer overall (RR=0.95, 95% CI=0.94-0.96 for 1+ cups per day vs <1 cup per day). For endometrial cancer, a decreased risk was observed for coffee intake (RR=0.69, 95% CI=0,52-0.91 for ⩾2 cups per day). Caffeine intake was not associated with cancer risk in a dose-response manner.
CONCLUSIONS
We observed a decreased risk of endometrial cancer for coffee intake, and a decreased risk of cancer overall with tea intake.
背景
咖啡摄入量、茶摄入量与癌症之间的关联已得到广泛研究，但许多癌症的关联尚未确立。先前的研究在咖啡因是否可能是咖啡与癌症风险之间潜在关联的来源这一问题上并不一致。
方法
在前列腺、肺、结肠和卵巢癌筛查试验中，97334名符合条件的个体中，有10399人患癌。所包括的癌症有145例头颈癌、99例食管癌、136例胃癌、1137例肺癌、1703例乳腺癌、257例子宫内膜癌、162例卵巢癌、3037例前列腺癌、318例肾癌、398例膀胱癌、103例神经胶质瘤和106例甲状腺癌。
结果
低教育组、当前吸烟者、吸烟量更大且吸烟时间更长者以及饮酒量更大者的平均咖啡摄入量更高。咖啡摄入量与所有癌症合并风险无关（风险比[RR]=1.00，95%置信区间[CI]=0.96 - 1.05），而饮茶与总体癌症风险降低相关（每天饮用1杯及以上与每天饮用不足1杯相比，RR=0.95，95% CI=0.94 - 0.96）。对于子宫内膜癌，观察到咖啡摄入量有降低风险的作用（每天饮用≥2杯时，RR=0.69，95% CI=0.52 - 0.91）。咖啡因摄入量与癌症风险不存在剂量反应关系。
结论
我们观察到咖啡摄入量可降低子宫内膜癌风险，茶摄入量可降低总体癌症风险。
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