Bouwmans Clazien, de Sonneville Caroline, Mulder Cornelis L, Hakkaart-van Roijen Leona
Institute for Medical Technology Assessment, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Epidemiological and Social Psychiatric Research Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands ; Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2015 Aug 18;11:2125-42. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S83546. eCollection 2015.
A systematic review was conducted to assess the employment rate of people with schizophrenia. Additionally, information from the selected studies concerning factors associated with employment and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was examined. Employment rates ranged from 4% to 50.4%. The studies differed considerably in design, patient settings, and methods of recruitment. The most frequently reported factors associated with employment were negative and cognitive symptoms, age of onset, and duration and course of the disease. Individual characteristics associated with unemployment were older age, lower education, and sex (female). Additionally, environmental factors, eg, the availability of welfare benefits and vocational support programs, seemed to play a role. Generally, being employed was positively associated with HRQoL. However, the causal direction of this association remained unclear, as studies on the bidirectional relationship between employment and HRQoL were lacking.
开展了一项系统评价以评估精神分裂症患者的就业率。此外，还审查了所选研究中有关就业相关因素及健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的信息。就业率在4%至50.4%之间。这些研究在设计、患者情况及招募方法上差异很大。与就业相关的最常报告因素为阴性症状和认知症状、发病年龄以及疾病持续时间和病程。与失业相关的个体特征为年龄较大、教育程度较低以及性别（女性）。此外，环境因素，如福利和职业支持项目的可获得性，似乎也发挥了作用。总体而言，就业与健康相关生活质量呈正相关。然而，由于缺乏关于就业与健康相关生活质量双向关系的研究，这种关联的因果方向仍不明确。
