Fliervoet J M, Geerling G W, Mostert E, Smits A J M
Institute for Science, Innovation and Society, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Deltares, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH, Delft, The Netherlands.
Environ Manage. 2016 Feb;57(2):355-67. doi: 10.1007/s00267-015-0606-x. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
Until recently, governmental organizations played a dominant and decisive role in natural resource management. However, an increasing number of studies indicate that this dominant role is developing towards a more facilitating role as equal partner to improve efficiency and create a leaner state. This approach is characterized by complex collaborative relationships between various actors and sectors on multiple levels. To understand this complexity in the field of environmental management, we conducted a social network analysis of floodplain management in the Dutch Rhine delta. We charted the current interorganizational relationships between 43 organizations involved in flood protection (blue network) and nature management (green network) and explored the consequences of abolishing the central actor in these networks. The discontinuation of this actor will decrease the connectedness of actors within the blue and green network and may therefore have a large impact on the exchange of ideas and decision-making processes. Furthermore, our research shows the dependence of non-governmental actors on the main governmental organizations. It seems that the Dutch governmental organizations still have a dominant and controlling role in floodplain management. This challenges the alleged shift from a dominant government towards collaborative governance and calls for detailed analysis of actual governance.
直到最近，政府组织在自然资源管理中一直发挥着主导和决定性作用。然而，越来越多的研究表明，这种主导作用正朝着更具促进性的角色发展，即作为平等伙伴以提高效率并打造更精简的政府。这种方法的特点是不同行为体和部门在多个层面上存在复杂的合作关系。为了理解环境管理领域的这种复杂性，我们对荷兰莱茵河三角洲的洪泛区管理进行了社会网络分析。我们绘制了参与防洪（蓝色网络）和自然管理（绿色网络）的43个组织之间当前的组织间关系，并探讨了取消这些网络中的核心行为体的后果。该行为体的退出将降低蓝色和绿色网络中行为体之间的连通性，因此可能对思想交流和决策过程产生重大影响。此外，我们的研究表明非政府行为体对主要政府组织的依赖。看来荷兰政府组织在洪泛区管理中仍具有主导和控制作用。这对所谓的从主导型政府向合作治理的转变提出了挑战，并呼吁对实际治理进行详细分析。
