McClellan Holly L, Kent Jacqueline C, Hepworth Anna R, Hartmann Peter E, Geddes Donna T
School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Sep 2;12(9):10833-45. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120910833.
Infants of breastfeeding mothers with persistent nipple pain have been shown to apply stronger vacuums to the breast and transfer less milk during one monitored feed. This may be associated with differences in the movement of the tongue. The aim was to analyse the intra-oral nipple shape and movement of the tongue of infants of mothers with and without nipple pain.
Breastfeeding infants of mothers with or without nipple pain were monitored using ultrasound and intra-oral vacuum during one breastfeed. From cine clips of the ultrasound scans measurements were made of the depth of the intra-oral space between the hard-soft palate junction (HSPJ) and the mid-tongue; the distance of the tip of the nipple to the HSPJ; and nipple diameters from the tip to the base.
During nutritive sucking, tongue movements of infants of mothers with nipple pain resulted in a smaller intra-oral space (p = 0.040) and restricted nipple expansion compared to controls (p < 0.012). Stronger baseline and peak vacuums compared to controls were confirmed (p = 0.002).
In these mothers, nipple pain was associated with restricted infant tongue movement. Ultrasound may complement measurement of intra-oral vacuum in monitoring treatment strategies in breastfeeding women experiencing nipple pain.
研究表明，母乳喂养的母亲若持续存在乳头疼痛，其婴儿在一次监测喂养期间会对乳房施加更强的吸力，且吸出的乳汁较少。这可能与舌头运动的差异有关。目的是分析有乳头疼痛和无乳头疼痛的母亲所生婴儿的口腔内乳头形状及舌头运动情况。
在一次母乳喂养期间，使用超声和口腔内负压监测有或无乳头疼痛的母亲所生的母乳喂养婴儿。从超声扫描的电影剪辑中，测量硬腭-软腭交界处（HSPJ）与舌中部之间口腔内空间的深度、乳头尖端到HSPJ的距离以及从乳头尖端到基部的直径。
在营养性吸吮期间，与对照组相比，有乳头疼痛的母亲所生婴儿的舌头运动导致口腔内空间较小（p = 0.040），乳头扩张受限（p < 0.012）。与对照组相比，基线和峰值负压更强得到了证实（p = 0.002）。
在这些母亲中，乳头疼痛与婴儿舌头运动受限有关。超声可辅助测量口腔内负压，以监测有乳头疼痛的母乳喂养女性的治疗策略。
