Vanderloo Leigh M, Tucker Patricia
Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1201 Elborn College, Rm 2585, London, ON, N6G 1H1, Canada.
School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1201 Elborn College, Rm 2547, London, ON, N6G 1H1, Canada.
BMC Public Health. 2015 Sep 26;15:969. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2335-8.
Little evidence exists on the physical activity and sedentary time of Canadian toddlers; this study objectively measured such behaviors and compared participants' activity levels to national guidelines. Levels of screen-viewing among toddlers were also explored.
Forty toddlers (mean age = 25.7 months) wore Actical accelerometers for seven consecutive days (15 s epoch). Parents/guardians completed a wear-time log and a demographic and screen-viewing questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were used to determine participants' levels of physical activity and sedentary time, to identify whether toddlers were meeting physical activity/sedentary guidelines, and to explore demographic variables. T-tests were used to assess whether toddlers' activity levels differed based on cut-points applied and various demographic and screen-related variables. Regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between toddlers' sedentary time and screen-viewing levels.
Toddlers engaged in 37.27 (SD = 3.79) to 49.40 (SD = 3.29) mins/hr of sedentary time, 9.79 (SD = 2.90) to 18.78 (SD = 3.22) mins/hr of light-intensity physical activity (LPA), 0.82 (SD = 0.72) to 3.95 (SD = 1.93) mins/hr of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), and 10.60 (SD =3.29) to 22.73 (SD = 3.97) mins/hr of total physical activity (TPA), based on the Trost et al. and the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) cut-points respectively; these rates were significantly different (p <.001). On at least 1 day, 17.5 % (Trost et al. cut-points) and 97.5 % (CHMS cut-points) of the sample met or exceeded the Canadian physical activity guidelines. No statistically significant differences in sedentary time or physical activity (all intensities) based on sex were reported (p <.001); however, LPA (CHMS cut-points) did significantly differ based on childcare attendance (p <.05). Approximately 93.2 % of participants watched television, and 56.8 % utilized computers. Only 18.8 and 25.0 % of children under 2 years and 70.8 and 62.5 % of 2-3 years olds met the screen-use recommendation of the sedentary behavior guidelines on weekdays and weekend days, respectively.
The implications of this work suggest that a greater understanding of toddlers' activity patterns is needed; additional mechanisms of promoting active behaviors among this group should be explored.
关于加拿大幼儿的身体活动和久坐时间的证据很少；本研究客观地测量了这些行为，并将参与者的活动水平与国家指南进行了比较。还探讨了幼儿的屏幕观看水平。
40名幼儿（平均年龄=25.7个月）连续7天佩戴Actical加速度计（15秒时间段）。父母/监护人完成了佩戴时间记录以及人口统计学和屏幕观看调查问卷。描述性分析用于确定参与者的身体活动水平和久坐时间，确定幼儿是否符合身体活动/久坐指南，并探索人口统计学变量。t检验用于评估幼儿的活动水平是否因应用的切点以及各种人口统计学和与屏幕相关的变量而有所不同。进行回归分析以检查幼儿久坐时间与屏幕观看水平之间的关联。
根据特罗斯特等人的切点和加拿大健康测量调查（CHMS）的切点，幼儿每小时的久坐时间分别为37.27（标准差=3.79）至49.40（标准差=3.29）分钟、轻度身体活动（LPA）时间为9.79（标准差=2.90）至18.78（标准差=3.22）分钟、中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）时间为0.82（标准差=0.72）至3.95（标准差=1.93）分钟，总身体活动（TPA）时间为10.60（标准差=3.29）至22.73（标准差=3.97）分钟；这些比率有显著差异（p<.001）。在至少1天里，样本中17.5%（特罗斯特等人切点）和97.5%（CHMS切点）达到或超过了加拿大身体活动指南。未报告久坐时间或身体活动（所有强度）在性别上有统计学显著差异（p<.001）；然而，基于是否参加日托，LPA（CHMS切点）确实有显著差异（p<.05）。大约93.2%的参与者看电视，56.8%使用电脑。在工作日和周末日分别只有18.8%和25.0%的2岁以下儿童以及70.8%和62.5%的2至3岁儿童符合久坐行为指南的屏幕使用建议。
这项工作的意义表明，需要更深入了解幼儿活动模式；应探索促进该群体积极行为表现的其他机制。
