非洲1至10岁人群甲型肝炎病毒流行病学：一项系统评价方案

Epidemiology of hepatitis A virus in Africa among persons aged 1-10 years: a systematic review protocol.

作者信息

Kanyenda Tiwonge J, Abdullahi Leila H, Hussey Gregory D, Kagina Benjamin M

机构信息

Vaccines for Africa Initiative, Division of Medical Microbiology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

出版信息

Syst Rev. 2015 Sep 26;4:129. doi: 10.1186/s13643-015-0112-5.

DOI:10.1186/s13643-015-0112-5

PMID:26419360

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4589083/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Africa is considered an area of high endemicity for hepatitis A virus infection. However, in the past two decades, tremendous progress has been made in improving water sources and sanitation which are risk factors for hepatitis A virus infection. Recent studies suggest that several African countries could be in epidemiological transitions due to the evident socio-economic development. As a result, there may be a decrease in the exposure to and infection with hepatitis A virus at an early age. Understanding and mapping the shifting epidemiology is vital in developing control measures against the disease. We are conducting a comprehensive systematic review study to document the current burden of hepatitis A virus infection in Africa.

METHODS

Our population of interest is children between 1 and 10 years in any African country. We will select cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies that have tested hepatitis A virus infection by serological confirmation of antibodies against the virus. We will search for eligible studies published without language restrictions from PubMed, Scopus, Africa-wide, Web of Science, and WHOLIS as well as the reference lists of the relevant articles. Two authors will independently review the search outputs, select eligible articles, and extract pre-defined study outcomes. Inconsistencies will be resolved by discussion and consensus among the authors. Data will be extracted using a standardised data collection form. Trends in the prevalence and/or incidence will be evaluated by urban and rural setting if sufficient data is available. Where there is sufficient homogeneity between studies, meta-analysis will also be conducted, otherwise the results will be presented in a narrative format.

DISCUSSION

The systematic review will generate up-to-date information on the current burden of hepatitis A virus in Africa. This information may have implications on policy for hepatitis A vaccination on individual African countries.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION

CRD42015023764.

摘要

背景

非洲被认为是甲型肝炎病毒感染的高流行地区。然而，在过去二十年中，在改善水源和卫生设施方面取得了巨大进展，而这些是甲型肝炎病毒感染的风险因素。最近的研究表明，由于明显的社会经济发展，几个非洲国家可能正处于流行病学转变之中。因此，儿童早期接触甲型肝炎病毒并感染的情况可能会减少。了解并描绘不断变化的流行病学情况对于制定该疾病的控制措施至关重要。我们正在进行一项全面的系统评价研究，以记录非洲甲型肝炎病毒感染的当前负担。

方法

我们感兴趣的人群是任何非洲国家1至10岁的儿童。我们将选择通过针对该病毒抗体的血清学确认来检测甲型肝炎病毒感染的横断面研究、病例对照研究和队列研究。我们将在PubMed、Scopus、全非洲范围、科学网和世界卫生组织图书馆信息系统（WHOLIS）以及相关文章的参考文献列表中搜索无语言限制发表的符合条件的研究。两位作者将独立审查搜索结果，选择符合条件的文章，并提取预先定义的研究结果。不一致之处将通过作者之间的讨论和协商解决。数据将使用标准化的数据收集表进行提取。如果有足够的数据，将按城乡环境评估患病率和/或发病率的趋势。如果研究之间有足够的同质性，也将进行荟萃分析，否则结果将以叙述形式呈现。