人工合成的叶绿体基因组变得更智能了。
The Engineered Chloroplast Genome Just Got Smarter.
作者信息
Jin Shuangxia, Daniell Henry
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
出版信息
Trends Plant Sci. 2015 Oct;20(10):622-640. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.07.004.
Abstract
Chloroplasts are known to sustain life on earth by providing food, fuel, and oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. However, the chloroplast genome has also been smartly engineered to confer valuable agronomic traits and/or serve as bioreactors for the production of industrial enzymes, biopharmaceuticals, bioproducts, or vaccines. The recent breakthrough in hyperexpression of biopharmaceuticals in edible leaves has facilitated progression to clinical studies by major pharmaceutical companies. This review critically evaluates progress in developing new tools to enhance or simplify expression of targeted genes in chloroplasts. These tools hold the promise to further the development of novel fuels and products, enhance the photosynthetic process, and increase our understanding of retrograde signaling and cellular processes.
摘要
众所周知，叶绿体通过光合作用提供食物、燃料和氧气，维持着地球上的生命。然而，叶绿体基因组也经过巧妙改造，以赋予有价值的农艺性状和/或作为生物反应器来生产工业酶、生物制药、生物产品或疫苗。近期在可食用叶片中超量表达生物制药方面取得的突破，推动了大型制药公司进入临床研究阶段。本综述批判性地评估了开发新工具以增强或简化叶绿体中靶向基因表达的进展。这些工具有望推动新型燃料和产品的开发，增强光合作用过程，并增进我们对逆向信号传导和细胞过程的理解。
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