Collender Philip A, Kirby Amy E, Addiss David G, Freeman Matthew C, Remais Justin V
Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Center for Global Safe Water, Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Trends Parasitol. 2015 Dec;31(12):625-639. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2015.08.007. Epub 2015 Oct 1.
Limiting the environmental transmission of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), which infect 1.5 billion people worldwide, will require sensitive, reliable, and cost-effective methods to detect and quantify STHs in the environment. We review the state-of-the-art of STH quantification in soil, biosolids, water, produce, and vegetation with regard to four major methodological issues: environmental sampling; recovery of STHs from environmental matrices; quantification of recovered STHs; and viability assessment of STH ova. We conclude that methods for sampling and recovering STHs require substantial advances to provide reliable measurements for STH control. Recent innovations in the use of automated image identification and developments in molecular genetic assays offer considerable promise for improving quantification and viability assessment.
全球有15亿人感染土源性蠕虫（STH），限制其环境传播需要灵敏、可靠且经济高效的方法来检测和量化环境中的土源性蠕虫。我们针对四个主要方法问题，综述了土壤、生物固体、水、农产品和植被中土源性蠕虫量化的最新技术：环境采样；从环境基质中回收土源性蠕虫；对回收的土源性蠕虫进行量化；以及土源性蠕虫卵的活力评估。我们得出结论，土源性蠕虫的采样和回收方法需要取得重大进展，才能为控制土源性蠕虫提供可靠的测量数据。自动图像识别应用方面的最新创新以及分子遗传检测技术的发展，为改进量化和活力评估带来了巨大希望。
