Geurden Thomas, Chartier Christophe, Fanke Jane, di Regalbono Antonio Frangipane, Traversa Donato, von Samson-Himmelstjerna Georg, Demeler Janina, Vanimisetti Hima Bindu, Bartram David J, Denwood Matthew J
Zoetis, Mercuriusstraat 20, 1930, Zaventem, Belgium.
LUNAM University, ONIRIS, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, UMR 1300 BIOEPAR, Nantes, F-44307, France.
Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2015 Aug 18;5(3):163-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2015.08.001. eCollection 2015 Dec.
Anthelmintic resistance has been increasingly reported in cattle worldwide over the last decade, although reports from Europe are more limited. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of injectable formulations of ivermectin and moxidectin at 0.2 mg per kg bodyweight against naturally acquired gastro-intestinal nematodes in cattle. A total of 753 animals on 40 farms were enrolled in Germany (12 farms), the UK (10 farms), Italy (10 farms), and France (8 farms). Animals were selected based on pre-treatment faecal egg counts and were allocated to one of the two treatment groups. Each treatment group consisted of between 7 and 10 animals. A post-treatment faecal egg count was performed 14 days (±2 days) after treatment. The observed percentage reduction was calculated for each treatment group based on the arithmetic mean faecal egg count before and after treatment. The resistance status was evaluated based on the reduction in arithmetic mean faecal egg count and both the lower and upper 95% confidence limits. A decreased efficacy was observed in half or more of the farms in Germany, France and the UK. For moxidectin, resistance was confirmed on 3 farms in France, and on 1 farm in Germany and the UK. For ivermectin, resistance was confirmed on 3 farms in the UK, and on 1 farm in Germany and France. The remaining farms with decreased efficacy were classified as having an inconclusive resistance status based on the available data. After treatment Cooperia spp. larvae were most frequently identified, though Ostertagia ostertagi was also found, in particular within the UK and Germany. The present study reports lower than expected efficacy for ivermectin and moxidectin (based on the reduction in egg excretion after treatment) on European cattle farms, with confirmed anthelmintic resistance on 12.5% of the farms.
在过去十年中，全球范围内牛群的抗蠕虫药耐药性报告日益增多，不过欧洲的相关报告相对较少。本研究的目的是评估按每千克体重0.2毫克剂量注射伊维菌素和莫西菌素制剂对牛自然感染的胃肠道线虫的疗效。德国（12个农场）、英国（10个农场）、意大利（10个农场）和法国（8个农场）的40个农场共有753头动物参与了研究。根据治疗前粪便虫卵计数选择动物，并将其分配到两个治疗组之一。每个治疗组由7至10头动物组成。治疗后14天（±2天）进行粪便虫卵计数。根据治疗前后粪便虫卵计数的算术平均值计算每个治疗组观察到的虫卵减少百分比。根据算术平均粪便虫卵计数的减少情况以及95%置信区间的下限和上限评估耐药状态。在德国、法国和英国，一半或更多的农场观察到疗效下降。对于莫西菌素，在法国的3个农场以及德国和英国的各1个农场确认存在耐药性。对于伊维菌素，在英国的3个农场以及德国和法国的各1个农场确认存在耐药性。根据现有数据，其余疗效下降的农场被归类为耐药状态不确定。治疗后，最常鉴定出的是古柏属幼虫，不过也发现了奥斯特他加线虫，尤其是在英国和德国境内。本研究报告称，欧洲养牛场中伊维菌素和莫西菌素的疗效低于预期（基于治疗后虫卵排泄的减少情况），12.5%的农场确认存在抗蠕虫药耐药性。
