Rajmil Luis, Siddiqi Arjumand, Taylor-Robinson David, Spencer Nick
Agència de Qualitat i Avaluació Sanitàries de Catalunya, Roc Boronat 81-95 2nd Floor, Barcelona, 08005, Spain.
IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar de Recerca Biomèdica) Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Equity Health. 2015 Oct 14;14:95. doi: 10.1186/s12939-015-0236-1.
The objectives of the study were to explore the effect of the economic crisis on child health using Spain as a case study, and to document and assess the policies implemented in response to the crisis in this context.
Serial cross-sectional data from Eurostat, the Spanish Health Interview Survey, and the database of childhood hospitalisation were analysed to explore impacts on child health, and key determinants of child health. A content analysis of National data sources/government legislation, and Spanish literature was used to describe policies implemented following the crisis.
Unemployment rates in the general population (8.7% in 2005 and 25.6% in 2013), and children living in unemployed families (5.6% and 13.8%) increased in the study period. The percentage of children living under the poverty line, and income inequalities increased 15-20% from 2005 to 2012. Severe material deprivation rate has worsened in families with Primary Education, while the number of families attending Non-Governmental Organisations has increased. An impact on children's health at the general population level has not currently been detected; however an impact on general health, mental health and use of healthcare services was found in vulnerable groups. Investment in social protection and public policy for children showed a reduction as part of austerity measures taken by the Spanish governments.
Despite the impact on social determinants, a short-term impact on child health has been detected only in specific vulnerable groups. The findings suggest the need to urgently protect vulnerable groups of children from the impact of austerity.
本研究的目的是以西班牙为例，探讨经济危机对儿童健康的影响，并记录和评估在此背景下为应对危机而实施的政策。
分析了欧盟统计局、西班牙健康访谈调查以及儿童住院数据库的系列横断面数据，以探究对儿童健康的影响以及儿童健康的关键决定因素。通过对国家数据源/政府立法以及西班牙文献的内容分析，来描述危机后实施的政策。
在研究期间，普通人群的失业率（2005年为8.7%，2013年为25.6%）以及生活在失业家庭中的儿童比例（5.6%和13.8%）有所上升。生活在贫困线以下的儿童比例以及收入不平等在2005年至2012年间增加了15%至20%。初等教育家庭的严重物质匮乏率有所恶化，而求助于非政府组织的家庭数量有所增加。目前尚未发现对普通人群层面儿童健康的影响；然而，在弱势群体中发现了对总体健康、心理健康以及医疗服务使用的影响。作为西班牙政府采取的紧缩措施的一部分，对儿童社会保护和公共政策的投资有所减少。
尽管对社会决定因素有影响，但仅在特定弱势群体中检测到了对儿童健康的短期影响。研究结果表明，迫切需要保护弱势儿童群体免受紧缩政策的影响。
