Shang Yue, Regassa Alemu, Kim Ji Hyuk, Kim Woo Kyun
Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.
Department of Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Chungnam 32439, Republic of Korea.
Poult Sci. 2015 Dec;94(12):2887-97. doi: 10.3382/ps/pev275. Epub 2015 Oct 13.
This study was conducted to examine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) supplementation on growth performance, lymphoid organ weight, intestinal morphology, and immunological status in broilers (n=180) challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Birds were randomly assigned into a 3×2 factorial arrangement that included 1) 3 dietary treatments from d one to 21: positive control (PC), wheat-corn-soybean meal based diet contained antibiotics (virginiamycin and monensin); negative control (NC), as PC without antibiotics; and NC+FOS, as NC supplemented with 0.5% FOS, and 2) 2 intraperitoneal injections: 2 mg/kg Salmonella Enteritidis LPS or sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) on d 21. Growth performance and relative lymphoid organ weight were not significantly different among the treatments. Villus height, crypt depth, and total mucosa thickness were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the ileum of broiler chickens fed NC+FOS when compared to PC and NC. Birds in NC+FOS treatment had reduced heterophil but increased monocyte count when compared to NC (P<0.05). Significant diet×challenge interaction was observed on natural IgY levels (P<0.0001), and a significant dietary effect was observed on specific IgY levels in chickens fed NC+FOS (P=0.003). Supplementation of FOS also increased the expression of interleukin (IL)-1ß, -10, and interferon (IFN)-γ mRNA in the ileum of the birds. In summary, Salmonella Enteritidis LPS challenge established significant differences in the immune responses in broiler chickens. FOS supplementation increased ileal mucosa thickness and elevated the expressions of certain cytokine genes. It also led to the alteration of leukocyte compositions and serum IgY levels in response to LPS challenge, suggesting FOS supplementation may be effective to induce protective outcomes in gut health and immunity of broiler chickens.
本研究旨在探讨补充低聚果糖（FOS）对感染肠炎沙门氏菌脂多糖（LPS）的肉鸡（n = 180）生长性能、淋巴器官重量、肠道形态和免疫状态的影响。将鸡随机分为3×2析因设计，包括：1）1至21日龄的3种日粮处理：阳性对照（PC），以小麦 - 玉米 - 豆粕为基础的日粮含抗生素（维吉尼亚霉素和莫能菌素）；阴性对照（NC），与PC相同但不含抗生素；NC + FOS，NC日粮补充0.5% FOS；2）2种腹腔注射处理：21日龄时注射2 mg/kg肠炎沙门氏菌LPS或无菌磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）。各处理间生长性能和相对淋巴器官重量无显著差异。与PC和NC相比，饲喂NC + FOS的肉鸡回肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度和总黏膜厚度显著增加（P < 0.05）。与NC相比，NC + FOS处理的鸡异嗜性粒细胞减少但单核细胞计数增加（P < 0.05）。在天然IgY水平上观察到显著的日粮×攻毒交互作用（P < 0.0001），在饲喂NC + FOS的鸡中，特异性IgY水平存在显著的日粮效应（P = 0.003）。补充FOS还增加了鸡回肠中白细胞介素（IL）-1β、-10和干扰素（IFN）-γ mRNA的表达。总之，肠炎沙门氏菌LPS攻毒在肉鸡免疫反应中产生了显著差异。补充FOS增加了回肠黏膜厚度，提高了某些细胞因子基因的表达。它还导致了白细胞组成和血清IgY水平在应对LPS攻毒时的改变，表明补充FOS可能有效地诱导肉鸡肠道健康和免疫的保护作用。
