Goodman J, Leong K-C, Packard M G
Department of Psychology and Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, United States.
Department of Psychology and Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, United States.
Neuroscience. 2015 Dec 17;311:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.10.014. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
Previous findings indicate that post-training administration of glucocorticoid stress hormones can interact with the noradrenergic system to enhance consolidation of hippocampus- or amygdala-dependent cognitive/emotional memory. The present experiments were designed to extend these findings by examining the potential interaction of glucocorticoid and noradrenergic mechanisms in enhancement of dorsolateral striatum (DLS)-dependent habit memory. In experiment 1, different groups of adult male Long-Evans rats received training in two DLS-dependent memory tasks. In a cued water maze task, rats were released from various start points and were reinforced to approach a visibly cued escape platform. In a response-learning version of the water plus-maze task, animals were released from opposite starting positions and were reinforced to make a consistent egocentric body-turn to reach a hidden escape platform. Immediately post-training, rats received peripheral injections of the glucocorticoid corticosterone (1 or 3 mg/kg) or vehicle solution. In both tasks, corticosterone (3 mg/kg) enhanced DLS-dependent habit memory. In experiment 2, a separate group of animals received training in the response learning version of the water plus-maze task and were given peripheral post-training injections of corticosterone (3 mg/kg), the β-adrenoreceptor antagonist propranolol (3 mg/kg), corticosterone and propranolol concurrently, or control vehicle solution. Corticosterone injections again enhanced DLS-dependent memory, and this effect was blocked by concurrent administration of propranolol. Propranolol administration by itself (3 mg/kg) did not influence DLS-dependent memory. Taken together, the findings indicate an interaction between glucocorticoid and noradrenergic mechanisms in DLS-dependent habit memory. Propranolol administration may be useful in treating stress-related human psychopathologies associated with a dysfunctional DLS-dependent habit memory system.
先前的研究结果表明，训练后给予糖皮质激素应激激素可与去甲肾上腺素能系统相互作用，以增强海马体或杏仁核依赖性认知/情绪记忆的巩固。本实验旨在通过研究糖皮质激素和去甲肾上腺素能机制在增强背外侧纹状体（DLS）依赖性习惯记忆中的潜在相互作用来扩展这些发现。在实验1中，不同组的成年雄性Long-Evans大鼠接受了两种DLS依赖性记忆任务的训练。在线索水迷宫任务中，大鼠从不同的起始点被释放，并被强化接近一个有明显线索的逃生平台。在水加迷宫任务的反应学习版本中，动物从相反的起始位置被释放，并被强化做出一致的以自我为中心的身体转向以到达一个隐藏的逃生平台。训练后立即，大鼠接受外周注射糖皮质激素皮质酮（1或3mg/kg）或溶剂溶液。在这两个任务中，皮质酮（3mg/kg）增强了DLS依赖性习惯记忆。在实验2中，另一组动物接受了水加迷宫任务反应学习版本的训练，并在训练后接受外周注射皮质酮（3mg/kg）、β-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂普萘洛尔（3mg/kg）、皮质酮和普萘洛尔同时注射或对照溶剂溶液。皮质酮注射再次增强了DLS依赖性记忆，并且这种作用被同时给予普萘洛尔所阻断。单独给予普萘洛尔（3mg/kg）不影响DLS依赖性记忆。综上所述，这些发现表明糖皮质激素和去甲肾上腺素能机制在DLS依赖性习惯记忆中存在相互作用。给予普萘洛尔可能有助于治疗与功能失调的DLS依赖性习惯记忆系统相关的应激相关人类精神病理学。
