Al-Ansari Sali, Zecha Judith A E M, Barasch Andrei, de Lange Jan, Rozema Fred R, Raber-Durlacher Judith E
Department of Medical Dental Interaction, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Curr Oral Health Rep. 2015;2(4):202-211. doi: 10.1007/s40496-015-0069-4. Epub 2015 Oct 19.
Oral mucositis induced by conventional cytotoxic cancer therapies is a common and significant clinical problem in oncology. Mucositis symptoms, which include severe pain, may lead to dose reductions and unplanned interruptions of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, and often affect patients' quality of life. In addition, ulcerative mucositis represents a risk factor for local or systemic infectious complications that may be life-threatening in immunosuppressed patients. The development of biologically based targeted cancer therapies, which aim to block the growth, spread, and survival of tumors by interfering with specific molecular targets, may have reduced mucosal injury, but did not eliminate it. This article will review the epidemiology, pathobiology, and management of oral mucositis associated with conventional cytotoxic therapies for malignant diseases and will briefly summarize emerging information on oral mucosal injury associated with targeted therapies. Considerations for future research aimed at the development of more efficient and effective supportive care approaches will be presented, with emphasis on the contribution of dental researchers and clinicians in these efforts.
传统细胞毒性癌症疗法引起的口腔黏膜炎是肿瘤学中常见且严重的临床问题。黏膜炎症状，包括剧痛，可能导致化疗和/或放疗剂量减少及计划外中断，且常影响患者生活质量。此外，溃疡性黏膜炎是局部或全身感染并发症的危险因素，在免疫抑制患者中可能危及生命。旨在通过干扰特定分子靶点来阻断肿瘤生长、扩散和存活的基于生物学的靶向癌症疗法的发展，可能减少了黏膜损伤，但并未消除。本文将综述与恶性疾病传统细胞毒性疗法相关的口腔黏膜炎的流行病学、病理生物学和管理，并简要总结与靶向疗法相关的口腔黏膜损伤的新信息。将提出针对开发更高效支持性护理方法的未来研究的考虑因素，重点是牙科研究人员和临床医生在这些努力中的贡献。
