Taylor Deborah A
Department of Pharmacy and Clinical Nutrition, Grady Health System, 80 Jesse Hill Jr Drive SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2015 Dec;27(4):439-47. doi: 10.1016/j.cnc.2015.08.003. Epub 2015 Sep 26.
Hypertensive crisis presents as hypertensive urgency or hypertensive emergency, the differences being the presence or absence of target organ damage (TOD) and the type of treatment the patient will receive. Patients with hypertensive urgency do not express TOD, which is seen only in hypertensive emergencies and can involve the heart, kidneys, or brain. Recognition of hypertensive crisis at initial assessment is crucial. An important first step is to obtain a full medical and medication history to be used as a guide for treatment. Proper and effective treatment of hypertensive urgency or emergency involves appropriate use of specific agents based on knowledge of any comorbid disease state.
高血压急症表现为高血压紧急状态或高血压危象，区别在于是否存在靶器官损害（TOD）以及患者将接受的治疗类型。高血压紧急状态患者不存在靶器官损害，这仅见于高血压危象，且可累及心脏、肾脏或脑。在初始评估时识别高血压急症至关重要。重要的第一步是获取完整的病史和用药史，以作为治疗的指导。对高血压紧急状态或危象进行恰当有效的治疗，需要根据对任何并存疾病状态的了解，合理使用特定药物。
