Mrug Sylvie, King Vinetra, Windle Michael
University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
J Adolesc. 2016 Jan;46:25-9. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.10.017. Epub 2015 Nov 12.
African American adolescents report more depressive symptoms than their European American peers, but the reasons for these differences are poorly understood. This study examines whether risk factors in individual, family, school, and community domains explain these differences. African American and European American adolescents participating in the Birmingham Youth Violence Study (N = 594; mean age 13.2 years) reported on their depressive symptoms, pubertal development, aggressive and delinquent behavior, connectedness to school, witnessing violence, and poor parenting. Primary caregivers provided information on family income and their education level, marital status, and depression, and the adolescents' academic performance. African American adolescents reported more depressive symptoms than European American participants. Family socioeconomic factors reduced this difference by 29%; all risk factors reduced it by 88%. Adolescents' exposure to violence, antisocial behavior, and low school connectedness, as well as lower parental education and parenting quality, emerged as significant mediators of the group differences in depressive symptoms.
非裔美国青少年比他们的欧洲裔美国同龄人报告出更多的抑郁症状，但这些差异的原因却鲜为人知。本研究探讨个人、家庭、学校和社区领域的风险因素是否能解释这些差异。参与伯明翰青少年暴力研究的非裔美国青少年和欧洲裔美国青少年（N = 594；平均年龄13.2岁）报告了他们的抑郁症状、青春期发育、攻击和犯罪行为、与学校的联系、目睹暴力以及不良养育方式。主要照顾者提供了关于家庭收入、他们的教育水平、婚姻状况和抑郁情况以及青少年学业成绩的信息。非裔美国青少年比欧洲裔美国参与者报告出更多的抑郁症状。家庭社会经济因素使这种差异减少了29%；所有风险因素使差异减少了88%。青少年接触暴力、反社会行为和与学校的联系薄弱，以及较低的父母教育水平和养育质量，成为抑郁症状群体差异的重要中介因素。
