Meng Hao, Li Andrew Y, Costa Junior Livio M, Castro-Arellano Ivan, Liu Jingze
USDA, ARS, Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, No 20, Road E. 2nd Ring South, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2016 Feb;68(2):241-9. doi: 10.1007/s10493-015-9994-0. Epub 2015 Nov 21.
DEET and Eight commercially available essential oils (oregano, clove, thyme, vetiver, sandalwood, cinnamon, cedarwood, and peppermint) were evaluated for repellency against host-seeking nymphs of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum. Concentration-repellency response was established using the vertical paper bioassay technique for each essential oil and compared with that of N,N-diethyl-3-methyl benzamide (DEET), a standard repellent compound present in many commercial repellent formulations. The effective concentration of DEET that repels 50% of ticks (EC50) was estimated at 0.02 mg/cm(2), while EC50s of the essential oils fall between 0.113 and 0.297 mg/cm(2). Based on EC50 estimates, oregano essential oil was the most effective among all essential oils tested, followed by clove, thyme, vetiver, sandalwood, cinnamon, cedarwood, and peppermint oils. None of the tested essential oils demonstrated a level of tick repellency found with DEET. Results from this study illustrated the challenge in search for more effective natural tick repellents.
对避蚊胺（DEET）和8种市售精油（牛至、丁香、百里香、岩兰草、檀香、肉桂、雪松木和薄荷）进行了评估，以确定其对美洲钝眼蜱寻找宿主若虫的驱避效果。采用垂直纸生物测定技术，针对每种精油建立浓度-驱避反应，并与许多商业驱虫剂配方中含有的标准驱虫化合物N,N-二乙基-3-甲基苯甲酰胺（DEET）进行比较。据估计，能驱避50%蜱虫的DEET有效浓度（EC50）为0.02毫克/平方厘米，而精油的EC50在0.113至0.297毫克/平方厘米之间。根据EC50估计值，在所测试的所有精油中，牛至精油最有效，其次是丁香、百里香、岩兰草、檀香、肉桂、雪松木和薄荷油。所测试的精油均未表现出与DEET相同水平的蜱虫驱避效果。这项研究的结果表明，寻找更有效的天然蜱虫驱避剂面临挑战。
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