Ozdenerol Esra
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Dec 1;12(12):15182-203. doi: 10.3390/ijerph121214971.
Given the relatively recent recognition of Lyme disease (LD) by CDC in 1990 as a nationally notifiable infectious condition, the rise of reported human cases every year argues for a better understanding of its geographic scope. The aim of this inquiry was to explore research conducted on spatiotemporal patterns of Lyme disease in order to identify strategies for implementing vector and reservoir-targeted interventions. The focus of this review is on the use of GIS-based methods to study populations of the reservoir hosts, vectors and humans in addition to the spatiotemporal interactions between these populations. New GIS-based studies are monitoring occurrence at the macro-level, and helping pinpoint areas of occurrence at the micro-level, where spread within populations of reservoir hosts, clusters of infected ticks and tick to human transmission may be better understood.
鉴于美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）于1990年才相对较晚地将莱姆病（LD）认定为一种需全国通报的传染病，每年报告的人类病例数不断增加，这表明有必要更好地了解其地理范围。本调查的目的是探索关于莱姆病时空模式的研究，以便确定实施针对媒介和宿主的干预措施的策略。本综述的重点是使用基于地理信息系统（GIS）的方法来研究宿主、媒介和人类种群，以及这些种群之间的时空相互作用。新的基于GIS的研究正在宏观层面监测疾病的发生情况，并有助于在微观层面确定疾病发生的区域，在这些区域可能能更好地了解疾病在宿主种群、感染蜱虫群以及蜱虫向人类传播中的扩散情况。
