Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA.
Division of Biostatistics and Experimental Design, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University.
J Periodontol. 2016 May;87(5):493-501. doi: 10.1902/jop.2015.150476. Epub 2015 Dec 8.
Currently, information available on the exact prevalence and standard therapeutic protocol of peri-implant diseases is insufficient. The aim of this survey was to investigate the perceived prevalence, etiology, and management of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis by periodontists in the United States.
A twenty-question survey was developed. Periodontists currently practicing in the United States were contacted by an e-mail that contained a link to access the survey.
Two hundred eighty periodontists (79.3% males; 62.9% with >10 years in practice, 75.7% in private practice) completed the survey. Most (96.1%) of the participants were placing implants (58.3% for >10 years and 32.4% >150 implants/year). The majority reported that the prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis in their practices is up to 25% but is higher in the general US population and that up to 10% of implants must be removed due to peri-implantitis. There was agreement among contributing etiologic factors such as: 1) plaque; 2) smoking; 3) adverse loading; 4) oral hygiene; 5) use of antimicrobial gel/mouthrinse; 6) non-surgical debridement; 7) use of systemic antibiotics; and 8) 3-month supportive care for treatment of peri-implantitis. Significant heterogeneity was recorded in relation to the instruments used for debridement, use and type of surgical treatment, and materials used for regeneration. Only 5.1% believed that treatment is very effective.
This survey indicates that peri-implant diseases are a frequently encountered problem in periodontal practices and that the absence of a standard therapeutic protocol results in significant empirical use of therapeutic modalities and a moderately effective treatment outcome.
目前，有关种植体周围疾病的确切流行率和标准治疗方案的信息尚不充分。本调查旨在调查美国牙周病医生对种植体周围黏膜炎和种植体周围炎的认知流行率、病因和处理方法。
编制了二十个问题的调查问卷。通过电子邮件向目前在美国执业的牙周病医生发送链接，邀请他们参与调查。
280 名牙周病医生（79.3%为男性；62.9%从业时间超过 10 年，75.7%为私人执业）完成了调查。大多数（96.1%）参与者正在进行种植体植入（58.3%从业时间超过 10 年，32.4%每年植入超过 150 个种植体）。大多数参与者报告称，在他们的临床实践中，种植体周围黏膜炎和种植体周围炎的患病率高达 25%，但在美国一般人群中患病率更高，高达 10%的种植体因种植体周围炎而必须被移除。导致种植体周围黏膜炎和种植体周围炎的多种因素（如：1）菌斑；2）吸烟；3）不良负载；4）口腔卫生；5）使用抗菌凝胶/漱口水；6）非手术清创；7）使用全身抗生素；和 8）每 3 个月进行支持性护理以治疗种植体周围炎）得到了参与者的认同。但在清创使用的器械、手术治疗的使用和类型以及再生材料的使用方面，存在显著的异质性。只有 5.1%的参与者认为治疗非常有效。
本调查表明，种植体周围疾病是牙周病临床实践中经常遇到的问题，由于缺乏标准治疗方案，导致经验性地使用了多种治疗方式，治疗效果中等有效。
