Dvořák Jiří, Roubalová Radka, Procházková Petra, Rossmann Pavel, Škanta František, Bilej Martin
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2016 Apr;57:67-74. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.12.001. Epub 2015 Dec 10.
The tube-within-tube body plan of earthworms is appropriate for studying the interactions of microorganisms with the immune system of body cavities such as the digestive tract and coelom. This study aims to describe the immune response on the molecular and cellular level in the coelomic cavity and the gut of the earthworm Eisenia andrei after experimental microbial challenge by administering two bacterial strains (Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) or yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the environment. The changes in mRNA levels of defense molecules (pattern recognition receptor CCF, lysozyme, fetidin/lysenins) in the coelomocytes and gut tissue were determined by quantitative PCR. The immune response at a cellular level was captured in histological sections, and the expression of CCF was localized using in situ hybridization. Coelomocytes respond to the presence of bacteria in the coelomic cavity by increasing the mRNA levels of defense molecules, especially CCF. The immune response in gut tissue is less affected by microbial stimulation because the epithelial cells of gut exhibit basically strong mRNA synthesis of ccf as a defense against the continuous microbial load in the gut lumen. The cellular immune response is mediated by coelomocytes released from the mesenchymal lining of the coelomic cavity. These combined immune mechanisms are necessary for the survival of earthworms in the microbially rich environment of soil.
蚯蚓的管中管身体结构适合用于研究微生物与诸如消化道和体腔等体腔免疫系统之间的相互作用。本研究旨在描述在向环境中施用两种细菌菌株（大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌）或酵母酿酒酵母进行实验性微生物攻击后，安德爱胜蚓体腔和肠道在分子和细胞水平上的免疫反应。通过定量PCR测定体腔细胞和肠道组织中防御分子（模式识别受体CCF、溶菌酶、蚯蚓素/溶菌素）的mRNA水平变化。在组织学切片中捕捉细胞水平的免疫反应，并使用原位杂交对CCF的表达进行定位。体腔细胞通过增加防御分子，尤其是CCF的mRNA水平来响应体腔中细菌的存在。肠道组织中的免疫反应受微生物刺激的影响较小，因为肠道上皮细胞表现出基本上很强的ccf mRNA合成，作为对肠腔内持续微生物负荷的防御。细胞免疫反应由从体腔间充质衬里释放的体腔细胞介导。这些联合免疫机制对于蚯蚓在富含微生物的土壤环境中生存是必要的。
