癌症中的长链非编码RNA：从功能到转化
Long noncoding RNAs in cancer: from function to translation.
作者信息
Sahu Anirban, Singhal Udit, Chinnaiyan Arul M
机构信息
Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA. ; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA.
Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan USA.
出版信息
Trends Cancer. 2015 Oct 1;1(2):93-109. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2015.08.010.
While our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer has significantly improved, most of our knowledge focuses on protein-coding genes that make up a fraction of the genome. Recent studies have uncovered thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that populate the cancer genome. A subset of these molecules shows striking cancer- and lineage-specific expression patterns, suggesting they may be potential drivers of cancer biology and have utility as clinical biomarkers. Here, we discuss emerging modalities of lncRNA biology and their interplay with cancer-associated concepts, including epigenetic regulation, DNA damage and cell cycle control, microRNA silencing, signal transduction pathways, and hormone-driven disease. Additionally, we highlight the translational impact of lncRNAs, tools for their mechanistic investigation, and directions for future lncRNA research.
虽然我们对癌症潜在分子机制的理解有了显著提高，但我们的大部分知识都集中在构成基因组一部分的蛋白质编码基因上。最近的研究发现了数千种存在于癌症基因组中的长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）。这些分子中的一部分显示出显著的癌症和谱系特异性表达模式，表明它们可能是癌症生物学的潜在驱动因素，并具有作为临床生物标志物的用途。在这里，我们讨论lncRNA生物学的新兴模式及其与癌症相关概念的相互作用，包括表观遗传调控、DNA损伤和细胞周期控制、微小RNA沉默、信号转导途径以及激素驱动的疾病。此外，我们强调lncRNA的转化影响、其机制研究的工具以及未来lncRNA研究的方向。
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