Schirmer-Mokwa Katharina L, Fard Pouyan R, Zamorano Anna M, Finkel Sebastian, Birbaumer Niels, Kleber Boris A
Institute for Medical Psychology and Behavioural Neurobiology, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany.
School of Psychology, Technical University of Dresden Dresden, Germany.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2015 Dec 17;9:349. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00349. eCollection 2015.
Interoception is defined as the perceptual activity involved in the processing of internal bodily signals. While the ability of internal perception is considered a relatively stable trait, recent data suggest that learning to integrate multisensory information can modulate it. Making music is a uniquely rich multisensory experience that has shown to alter motor, sensory, and multimodal representations in the brain of musicians. We hypothesize that musical training also heightens interoceptive accuracy comparable to other perceptual modalities. Thirteen professional singers, twelve string players, and thirteen matched non-musicians were examined using a well-established heartbeat discrimination paradigm complemented by self-reported dispositional traits. Results revealed that both groups of musicians displayed higher interoceptive accuracy than non-musicians, whereas no differences were found between singers and string-players. Regression analyses showed that accumulated musical practice explained about 49% variation in heartbeat perception accuracy in singers but not in string-players. Psychometric data yielded a number of psychologically plausible inter-correlations in musicians related to performance anxiety. However, dispositional traits were not a confounding factor on heartbeat discrimination accuracy. Together, these data provide first evidence indicating that professional musicians show enhanced interoceptive accuracy compared to non-musicians. We argue that musical training largely accounted for this effect.
内感受被定义为参与处理体内信号的感知活动。虽然内感知能力被认为是一种相对稳定的特质，但最近的数据表明，学习整合多感官信息可以对其进行调节。演奏音乐是一种独特的丰富多感官体验，已被证明会改变音乐家大脑中的运动、感觉和多模态表征。我们假设，音乐训练也能提高内感受准确性，使其与其他感知方式相当。我们使用一种成熟的心跳辨别范式，并辅以自我报告的性格特质，对13名职业歌手、12名弦乐演奏者和13名匹配的非音乐家进行了测试。结果显示，两组音乐家的内感受准确性均高于非音乐家，而歌手和弦乐演奏者之间未发现差异。回归分析表明，累计音乐练习解释了歌手心跳感知准确性约49%的变异，但对弦乐演奏者而言并非如此。心理测量数据在与表演焦虑相关的音乐家中产生了一些心理上合理的相互关系。然而，性格特质并非心跳辨别准确性的混杂因素。总之，这些数据首次证明，与非音乐家相比，职业音乐家表现出更高的内感受准确性。我们认为，这种效应很大程度上归因于音乐训练。
