Oudin Anna, Richter Jens C, Taj Tahir, Al-Nahar Lina, Jakobsson Kristina
Laboratory Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
BMJ Open. 2016 Jan 6;6(1):e007979. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007979.
To describe the home environment in terms of housing conditions and their association with child health in a disadvantaged immigrant population.
A cross-sectional observational study.
Enrolment took place during 2010-2011 in Rosengård, Malmö, Sweden.
Children aged 0-13 years in 2 study neighbourhoods were recruited from local health records and from schools. 359 children participated, with a participation rate of 40%. Data on health, lifestyle and apartment characteristics from questionnaire-led interviews with the mothers of the children were obtained together with data from home inspections carried out by trained health communicators.
Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate ORs for various health outcomes, adjusted for demographic information and lifestyle factors.
The housing conditions were very poor, especially in one of the study neighbourhoods where 67% of the apartments had been sanitised of cockroaches, 27% were infested with cockroaches and 40% had a visible mould. The association between housing conditions and health was mostly inconclusive, but there were statistically significant associations between current asthma and dampness (OR=4.1, 95% CI 1.7 to 9.9), between asthma medication and dampness (OR=2.8, 95% CI 1.2 to 6.4), and between mould and headache (OR=4.2, 95% CI 1.2 to 14.8). The presence of cockroaches was associated with emergency care visits, with colds, with headache and with difficulty falling asleep, and worse general health was associated with mould and presence of cockroaches.
The associations between dampness and asthma, and the association between mould and headache, are in line with current knowledge. The presence of cockroaches seemed to be associated with various outcomes, including those related to mental well-being, which is less described in the literature. The results of the present study are hypothesis generating and provide strong incentives for future studies in this study population.
描述弱势移民群体的居住环境状况及其与儿童健康的关联。
横断面观察性研究。
2010 - 2011年在瑞典马尔默的罗森加德进行招募。
从当地健康记录和学校中招募了2个研究社区内0至13岁的儿童。359名儿童参与，参与率为40%。通过对儿童母亲进行问卷调查访谈获取了有关健康、生活方式和公寓特征的数据，同时还获取了由训练有素的健康传播者进行的家庭检查数据。
采用逻辑回归分析来估计各种健康结局的比值比（OR），并对人口统计学信息和生活方式因素进行了调整。
居住条件非常差，尤其是在其中一个研究社区，67%的公寓已进行蟑螂消杀，27%有蟑螂滋生，40%有可见霉菌。居住条件与健康之间的关联大多无定论，但当前哮喘与潮湿之间存在统计学显著关联（OR = 4.1，95%置信区间1.7至9.9），哮喘药物使用与潮湿之间存在统计学显著关联（OR = 2.8，95%置信区间1.2至6.4），霉菌与头痛之间存在统计学显著关联（OR = 4.2，95%置信区间1.2至14.8）。蟑螂的存在与急诊就诊、感冒、头痛以及入睡困难有关，而较差的总体健康状况与霉菌和蟑螂的存在有关。
潮湿与哮喘之间的关联以及霉菌与头痛之间 的关联与现有知识相符。蟑螂的存在似乎与各种结局有关，包括与心理健康相关的结局，而这在文献中较少被描述。本研究结果提出了假设，并为该研究人群未来的研究提供了有力的激励因素。
